Real-time qualitative study of forsterite crystal – Melt lithium distribution by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

Лебедев, В. Ф.; Makarchuk, P. S.; Stepanov, D. N.

doi:10.1016/j.sab.2017.09.008

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…There is the additional feature that LIBS sampling is highly spatially resolved, as the plasma forms over a limited spatial area of only tens to hundreds of microns on the sample surface, so that only a small amount of material (typically picograms to nanograms) is sampled by each laser pulse. This allows for in situ analysis of individual particles, mineral grains, or inclusions [33,[37][38][39][40][41], as well as the fine-scale compositional mapping of a complex sample such as a chemically zoned mineral [42][43][44][45][46][47], the analysis of thin crusts, coatings, or surface alteration zones without substrate interference [48], or chemical analysis at highly spatially resolved spatial scales to below~10 µm [47,[49][50][51][52][53][54]. Stratigraphic analysis of a sample by depth profiling is also possible, as sequential ablation forms a vertical crater that progressively bores down into a sample with successive laser pulses [55][56][57].…”

Section: Specific Attributes Of Libsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy—An Emerging Analytical Tool for Mineral Exploration

et al. 2019

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The mineral exploration industry requires new methods and tools to address the challenges of declining mineral reserves and increasing discovery costs. Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) represents an emerging geochemical tool for mineral exploration that can provide rapid, in situ, compositional analysis and high-resolution imaging in both laboratory and field and settings. We demonstrate through a review of previously published research and our new results how LIBS can be applied to qualitative element detection for geochemical fingerprinting, sample classification, and discrimination, as well as quantitative geochemical analysis, rock characterization by grain size analysis, and in situ geochemical imaging. LIBS can detect elements with low atomic number (i.e., light elements), some of which are important pathfinder elements for mineral exploration and/or are classified as critical commodities for emerging green technologies. LIBS data can be acquired in situ, facilitating the interpretation of geochemical data in a mineralogical context, which is important for unraveling the complex geological history of most ore systems. LIBS technology is available as a handheld analyzer, thus providing a field capability to acquire low-cost geochemical analyses in real time. As a consequence, LIBS has wide potential to be utilized in mineral exploration, prospect evaluation, and deposit exploitation quality control. LIBS is ideally suited for field exploration programs that would benefit from rapid chemical analysis under ambient environmental conditions. Minerals 2019, 9, 718 2 of 45 government to search for additional mineral resources in green-field (i.e., remote) and brown-field (i.e., near mine) exploration environments [7][8][9]. However, the global trends of declining mineral reserves for many commodities and increasing discovery costs [3,4,10] suggest that exploration investment is insufficient and/or is not being deployed in the most effective manner possible. Both trends are also occurring at a time when new mineral deposit discoveries tend to be deeper, covered, and/or more remote, which are unlike near-surface mines that were often found, at least initially, by prospectors [4,[7][8][9]11].To address increasing demand and declining mineral reserves from deeper and more challenging deposits, the mineral exploration industry had to evolve and innovate by adopting new, cost-effective methodologies and technologies. For example, new conceptual models provide a predictive framework to identify the kinds of large-scale geological environments that should be considered the most prospective for finding additional mineral resources in greenfield areas of sparse geological data [12-15]. The ore system concept, which includes all of the geological processes required to transport and concentrate ore components from source to ore (i.e., drivers, sources, pathways, and traps), is one such predictive framework [12][13][14]16]. Because each of the required ore-forming components is manifested in the rock record as chan...

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Section: Specific Attributes Of Libsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy—An Emerging Analytical Tool for Mineral Exploration

et al. 2019

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“…Излучение передавалось по оптоволокну диаметром 600 µm на входную апертуру спектрометра AvaSpec-ULS2048L-USB2 (Avantes) со спектральным разрешением 1 nm. Запуск лазера, синхронизация его работы со спектрометром, регистрация и обработка спектров плазмы осуществлялись с помощью собственного программного обеспечения [6].…”

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“…Важно отметить, что эффективность работы ЛИЭС-системы в этом случае также обеспечивалась соответствующим алгоритмом обработки спектров излучения плазмы, устойчивым к изменению интенсивности излучения плазмы от импульса к импульсу [6]. Важной математической процедурой современных алгоритмов обработки спектров излучения плазмы является их нормализация, т. е. вычисление относительного вклада полосы излучения исследуемого химического элемента в полный спектр излучения плазмы.…”

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“…Это подтвердилось в процессе автоматического распознавания материалов в широком диапазоне изменений интенсивности излучения плазмы (до 100 раз) вследствие варьирования временных задержек открытия спектрометра относительно лазерного импульса [8]. Алгоритм был успешно применен и в режиме реального времени в задаче качественного определения коэффициента распределения лития между кристаллом и расплавом на примере лазерного кристалла форстерита Li, Cr−Mg 2 SiO 4 [6].…”

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“…Применявшаяся ранее процедура обработки спектров [8] была дополнена рядом процедур, необходимых для компенсации фонового излучения, увеличения отношения сигнал/шум, выделения полос излучения и их идентификации, увеличения спектрального разрешения и т. д. [6].…”

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