Realization of a 33 GHz phononic crystal fabricated in a freestanding membrane

Goettler, Drew F.; Su, Mehmet F.; Reinke, Charles M.; Alaie, Seyedhamidreza; Hopkins, Patrick E.; Olsson, Roy H.; El-Kady, Ihab F; Leseman, Zayd Chad

doi:10.1063/1.3676170

Cited by 19 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…It is hence not surprising that the ability to control and manipulate the flow of phonons has captured the interest of the scientific community. In recent years, it has been shown that the propagation of acoustic energy may be efficiently and even precisely controlled by novel sonic devices, bringing exciting and promising opportunities for sound management. Initially coined as PnCs, recent work aimed at manipulating acoustic propagation with structures having key components on the sub‐wavelength scale has led to the development of acoustic metamaterials.…”

Section: Polymer‐based Phononic Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, low‐frequency PnC structures were mostly fabricated from metal or semiconductor material platforms. More recently, however, several different fabrication technologies have allowed for the significant reduction in the feature size of the structures, providing new means for an effective control of high frequency (

f > 1 MHz

) phonons in small‐form‐factor PnCs . In particular, polymer‐based PnCs with fine feature sizes have demonstrated successful control of very high frequency (

f \sim 1 GHz

) hypersonic phonons …”

Section: Polymer‐based Phononic Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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25th Anniversary Article: Ordered Polymer Structures for the Engineering of Photons and Phonons

et al. 2013

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The engineering of optical and acoustic material functionalities via construction of ordered local and global architectures on various length scales commensurate with and well below the characteristic length scales of photons and phonons in the material is an indispensable and powerful means to develop novel materials. In the current mature status of photonics, polymers hold a pivotal role in various application areas such as light-emission, sensing, energy, and displays, with exclusive advantages despite their relatively low dielectric constants. Moreover, in the nascent field of phononics, polymers are expected to be a superior material platform due to the ability for readily fabricated complex polymer structures possessing a wide range of mechanical behaviors, complete phononic bandgaps, and resonant architectures. In this review, polymer-centric photonic and phononic crystals and metamaterials are highlighted, and basic concepts, fabrication techniques, selected functional polymers, applications, and emerging ideas are introduced.

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Section: Polymer‐based Phononic Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

f > 1 MHz

) phonons in small‐form‐factor PnCs . In particular, polymer‐based PnCs with fine feature sizes have demonstrated successful control of very high frequency (

f \sim 1 GHz

) hypersonic phonons …”

Section: Polymer‐based Phononic Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

25th Anniversary Article: Ordered Polymer Structures for the Engineering of Photons and Phonons

et al. 2013

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“…Finally, other techniques have been employed to fabricate 2D PnCs, such as focused ion beam (FIB) milling, which has the advantage of direct substrate patterning, with no need of further pattern transfer. For instance, FIB milling was used to realize a PnC fabricated in a free‐standing silicon membrane and showing frequency bandgaps above 25 GHz. FIB milling can be used for other materials, especially those difficult to etch with dry etching techniques, such as LiNbO 3 .…”

Section: Fabrication Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

2D Phononic Crystals: Progress and Prospects in Hypersound and Thermal Transport Engineering

Sledzinska

Graczykowski

Maire

et al. 2019

Adv Funct Materials

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The central concept in phononics is the tuning of the phonon dispersion relation, or phonon engineering, which provides a means of controlling related properties such as group velocity or phonon interactions and, therefore, phonon propagation, in a wide range of frequencies depending on the geometries and sizes of the materials. Phononics exploits the present state of the art in nanofabrication to tailor dispersion relations in the range of GHz for the control of elastic waves/phonons propagation with applications toward new information technology concepts with phonons as state variable. Moreover, phonons provide an adaptable approach for supporting a coherent coupling between different state variables, and the development of nanoscale optomechanical systems during the last decade attests this prospect. The most extended approach to manipulate the phonon dispersion relation is introducing an artificial periodic modulation of the elastic properties, which is referred to as phononic crystal (PnC). Herein, the focus is on the recent experimental achievements in the fabrication and application of 2D PnCs enabling the modification of the dispersion relation of surface and membrane modes, and presenting phononic bandgaps, waveguiding, and confinement in the hypersonic regime. Furthermore, these artificial materials offer the potential of modifying and controlling the heat flow to enable new schemes in thermal management.

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“…In addition, the problem of contact between nanoparticles would be avoided. The fabrication of phononic band gap materials has already been explored for materials such as silicon or gallium arsenide [60] and phononic structures with a bandgap at 33 GHz and dimensions around 100 nm have been demonstrated [61]. To create phononic crystal structures in currently-used host materials such as Y 2 SiO 5 , Y 3 Al 5 O 12 or LiNbO 3 , thin films of those materials would be a prerequisite.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modification of phonon processes in nanostructured rare-earth-ion-doped crystals

et al. 2016

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Nano-structuring impurity-doped crystals affects the phonon density of states and thereby modifies the atomic dynamics induced by interaction with phonons. We propose the use of nanostructured materials in the form of powders or phononic bandgap crystals to enable or improve persistent spectral hole-burning and coherence for inhomogeneously broadened absorption lines in rare-earth-ion-doped crystals. This is crucial for applications such as ultra-precise radio-frequency spectrum analyzers and optical quantum memories. As an example, we discuss how phonon engineering can enable spectral hole burning in erbium-doped materials operating in the convenient telecommunication band, and present simulations for density of states of nano-sized powders and phononic crystals for the case of Y2SiO5, a widely-used material in current quantum memory research.Rare-earth-ion-doped crystals have been studied for decades because of their unique spectroscopic properties [1][2][3] that arise since their 4f -electrons do not participate in chemical bonding. At cryogenic temperatures they can offer narrow linewidths [4][5][6] together with the possibility to spectrally tailor their broad inhomogeneous absorption lines [2]. These properties have led to many applications, including optical quantum memories [7][8][9], signal processing [10,11], laser stabilization [12][13][14], as well as ultra-precise radio frequency spectrum analyzers [15,16]. Quantum memory implementations in rareearth-ion-doped (REI-doped) crystals, such as those based on electromagnetically-induced transparency [17]), atomic frequency comb [18], or controlled reversible inhomogeneous broadening [19], crucially rely on long coherence and spin-state lifetimes to achieve high efficiency and long storage time.Operating REI-doped crystals at low temperatures generally improves material properties. Yet, even at temperatures below 2 K, spin-lattice relaxation, i.e. thermalization of spins via interaction with phonons, still restricts lifetimes of spin states, reducing the ability to spectrally tailor the material. Furthermore, by contributing to spectral diffusion [20,21] and two-phonon elastic scattering processes [22], lattice vibrations limit coherence times. We propose the use of nano-structured materials to overcome these limitations. This is achieved by tailoring the phonon density of states [23] to restrict phonon processes, an approach not limited to REI-doped materials but also applicable to other impurity-doped materials such as color centers in diamond [24]. The result is an improved performance for all applications based on spectral hole burning, or that require long coherence times, by providing long-lived spin states while simultaneously suppressing phonon-driven decoherence.We note that the modification of population dynamics between REI crystal field levels in small powders, possibly related to phonon restriction, has been observed in the context of understanding luminescence dynamics [25, 26] -but not yet to improve spectral hole burning or optical coheren...

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Realization of a 33 GHz phononic crystal fabricated in a freestanding membrane

Cited by 19 publications

References 28 publications

25th Anniversary Article: Ordered Polymer Structures for the Engineering of Photons and Phonons

25th Anniversary Article: Ordered Polymer Structures for the Engineering of Photons and Phonons

2D Phononic Crystals: Progress and Prospects in Hypersound and Thermal Transport Engineering

Modification of phonon processes in nanostructured rare-earth-ion-doped crystals

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