Recent advancements in biomarker research in schizophrenia: mapping the road from bench to bedside

Patel, Sneha; Sharma, Dilip Kumar; Uniyal, Ankit; Akhilesh, .; Gadepalli, Anagha; Tiwari, Vinod

doi:10.1007/s11011-022-00926-5

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…Moreover, analyses using mendelian randomization (MR) indicated that inflammatory markers such as C-reaction protein (CRP) and cytokines have a potential causality to SCH [ 21 , 22 ]. These evidence supports a putative “immunophenotype” of SCH [ 23 ], and suggests the feasibility of using neuroimmune biomarkers, which account for more than 70% of the potential biomarkers for SCH [ 12 ], in the diagnosis of SCH ( Table 1 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…BDNF has been associated with several psychiatric disorders, including SCH and other psychotic disorders. Valine 66 methionine (Val66Met) polymorphism of BDNF gene has been linked with brain morphology, the severity of symptoms, therapeutic response, and effectiveness, the age of onset followed by cognitive function [ 12 ]. Despite challenges to the sensitivity and accuracy of the BDNF determination, most evidence suggests that BDNF has the potential to serve as a diagnostic biomarker of SCH [ 83 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The term “biomarker” refers to any measurable biological characteristics which can act as an indicator of disease progression, diagnosis and prognosis [ 10 ], [ 11 ], [ 12 ]. In a narrow sense, a biomarker refers to a molecular change in body tissues and fluids that can be used as a clinical indicator [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Potential diagnostic biomarkers for schizophrenia

2022

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Schizophrenia (SCH) is a complex and severe mental disorder with high prevalence, disability, mortality and carries a heavy disease burden, the lifetime prevalence of SCH is around 0.7%–1.0%, which has a profound impact on the individual and society. In the clinical practice of SCH, key problems such as subjective diagnosis, experiential treatment, and poor overall prognosis are still challenging. In recent years, some exciting discoveries have been made in the research on objective biomarkers of SCH, mainly focusing on genetic susceptibility genes, metabolic indicators, immune indices, brain imaging, electrophysiological characteristics. This review aims to summarize the biomarkers that may be used for the prediction and diagnosis of SCH.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 58%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Potential diagnostic biomarkers for schizophrenia

2022

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“…No marker for the diagnosis, treatment or disease progression has been established for schizophrenia so far. Cytokines are some of the key candidates in this research field, and Patel et al have published a comprehensive review on this topic [ 37 ].…”

Section: Schizophrenia and Neuroinflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Interrelation between Interleukin-2 and Schizophrenia

2022

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Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is a growth factor that regulates T-cell autocrine secretion and has long been considered to be closely related to immune response. With the advance in neuroinflammation theory and immunology research on schizophrenia, it is interesting and meaningful to discuss the possible role of IL-2 in schizophrenia. Here, we reviewed a series of studies published from the 1990s and found that IL-2 was closely associated with schizophrenia. For example, IL-2 is responsible for mediating toxic reactions, which are the causes of schizophrenia symptoms in patients, and such symptoms resolve after discontinuation of the drug. In addition, we focused on the changes of IL-2 in the onset, progression and treatment of schizophrenia and the possible mechanisms by which IL-2 affects schizophrenia. Our review suggests that IL-2 is associated with schizophrenia and plays a role in its pathogenesis, and progression IL-2 and sIL-2R could serve as potential biomarkers of schizophrenia.

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“…Metabolomics is mainly focused on small molecule metabolites of molecular weight below 1000 (Wishart, 2019). Metabolomics technology has developed rapidly in recent years, and researchers can use it to detect and analyze biomarkers that are closely related to diseases, which can then be used to diagnose diseases, determine the course of diseases and develop treatment options, so it plays a unique advantage in various elds of research (Newgard, 2017;Patel et al, 2022;Zhang et al, 2022). The pathogenesis of depression is complex and involves the alteration of multiple system functions (Peng et al, 2015;Suneson et al, 2021), so the antidepressant mechanism of exercise cannot be comprehensively explained from a single target.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma metabolomics reveals the intervention mechanism of different types of exercise on chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depression rat model

Liu,

Zhang,

Tian

et al. 2023

Metab Brain Dis

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To study the effects of different types of exercise on the plasma metabolomics of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depressed rats based on 1 H-NMR metabolomics techniques, and to explore the potential mechanisms of exercise for the treatment of depression. MethodsRats were randomly divided into blank control group (C), CUMS control group (D), pre-exercise group (P), aerobic exercise group (A), resistance exercise group (R), and aerobic + resistance exercise group (AR).The corresponding protocol intervention was applied to each group of rats. Body weight, sucrose preference and open eld tests were performed weekly during the experiment to evaluate the extent of depression in rats. Plasma samples from each group of rats were collected at the end of the experiment, and then the plasma was analyzed by 1 H-NMR metabolomics combined with multivariate statistical analysis methods to identify differential metabolites and perform metabolic pathway analysis. Results(1) Compared with the group D, the body weight, sucrose preference rate, and the number of crossings and standings in the different types of exercise groups were signi cantly improved (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01).(2) Compared to group C, a total of 15 differential metabolites associated with depression were screened in the plasma of rats in group D, involving 6 metabolic pathways. Group P can regulate the levels of 6 metabolites: valine, lactate, inositol, glucose, phosphocreatine, acetoacetic acid. Group A can regulate the levels of 6 metabolites: N-acetylglycoprotein, leucine, lactate, low density lipoprotein, glucose, acetoacetic acid. Group R can regulate the levels of 6 metabolites: choline, lactate, inositol, glucose, phosphocreatine, acetoacetic acid. Group AR can regulate the levels of 5 metabolites: choline, citric acid, glucose, acetone, acetoacetic acid. ConclusionThe different types of exercise groups can improve the depressive symptoms in CUMS rats, and there are common metabolites and metabolic pathways for their mechanism of effects. This study provides a powerful analytical tool to study the mechanism of the antidepressant effect of exercise, and provides an important method and basis for the early diagnosis, prevention and treatment of depression.

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Recent advancements in biomarker research in schizophrenia: mapping the road from bench to bedside

Cited by 6 publications

References 89 publications

Potential diagnostic biomarkers for schizophrenia

Potential diagnostic biomarkers for schizophrenia

The Interrelation between Interleukin-2 and Schizophrenia

Plasma metabolomics reveals the intervention mechanism of different types of exercise on chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depression rat model

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