Recent Advances in 850 nm VCSELs for High-Speed Interconnects

Cheng, Hao-Tien; Yang, Yun-Cheng; Liu, Te-Hua; Wu, Chao−Hsin

doi:10.3390/photonics9020107

Cited by 34 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 129 publications

(207 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Typically, these materials include layers of semiconductors with alloys or compositions such as AlGaAs, AlGaInAs, InP or InGaAsP [20].…”

Section: Principle Of Vcselmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further, VCSELs' short cavity results in a single longitudinal mode only. Therefore, VCSELs do not suffer from kink phenomena in the optical L-I curve, whereas other semiconductor lasers suffer from power instability and control problems [20]. A single channel data rate of 12.5 Gbps using a VCSEL with 5.2 GHz of bandwidth was demonstrated with 16level quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) OFDM modulation [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Bi-LSTM-Augmented Deep Neural Network for Multi-Gbps VCSEL-Based Visible Light Communication Link

Cho

et al. 2022

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

With the remarkable advances in vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) in recent decades, VCSELs have been considered promising light sources in the field of optical wireless communications. However, off-the-shelf VCSELs still have a limited modulation bandwidth to meet the multi-Gb/s data rate requirements imposed on the next-generation wireless communication system. Recently, employing machine learning (ML) techniques as a method to tackle such issues has been intriguing for researchers in wireless communication. In this work, through a systematic analysis, it is shown that the ML technique is also very effective in VCSEL-based visible light communication. Using a commercial VCSEL and bidirectional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM)-based ML scheme, a high-speed visible light communication (VLC) link with a data rate of 13.5 Gbps is demonstrated, which is the fastest single channel result from a cost-effective, off-the-shelf VCSEL device, to the best of the authors’ knowledge.

show abstract

“…Typically, these materials include layers of semiconductors with alloys or compositions such as AlGaAs, AlGaInAs, InP or InGaAsP [20].…”

Section: Principle Of Vcselmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bi-LSTM-Augmented Deep Neural Network for Multi-Gbps VCSEL-Based Visible Light Communication Link

Cho

et al. 2022

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…GHz [46]. Nevertheless, for the conventional VCSEL structures, the lack of optical confinement factor in emission direction has become an obstacle, hindering the further development of modulation speed in recent years.…”

Section: High-speed Laser Theory and Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Analyses of Photonic-Crystal Surface-Emitting Laser: Toward High-Speed Optical Communication

Peng¹,

Cheng

Hong³

et al. 2022

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study conducts comprehensive performance analyses of a commercial photonic-crystal surface-emitting laser (PCSEL) via small-signal measurement and the bit-error-rate test (BERT). Meanwhile, the radio frequency (RF) characteristics of the PCSEL are unveiled for the first time. Compared to the vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs), the PCSEL shows great potential for a broader optical bandwidth that is benefited from the high optical-confinement factor. A maximum bandwidth of around 2.32 GHz is experimentally observed when the PCSEL was biased at 340 mA. Moreover, a theoretical calculation was applied to shed light on the characteristics of the small-signal measurement, providing a deep insight into the corresponding intrinsic response model. The signal transmission capability of the PCSEL was investigated as well. The maximum bit rate and corresponding rise time transmitted at 500 Mbps are 1.2 Gbps and 186.16 ps, respectively. Thus, a high-speed PCSEL can be realized with a shrunk form factor, serving as a promising candidate for the next-generation light sources in high-speed optical communication.

show abstract

“…The oxide layer can confine current paths and light distribution simultaneously. This feature overcomes the size issues of the active region, resulting in a modulation bandwidth beyond 30 GHz [29]. Nevertheless, for the conventional VCSEL structures, the lack of optical confinement factor in emission direction has become an obstacle, hindering the further development of modulation speed in recent years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Analyses of Photonic-Crystal Surface-Emitting Laser: Toward High-Speed Optical Communication

Peng¹,

Cheng

Hong³

et al. 2022

Nanoscale Res Lett

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study conducts comprehensive performance analyses of a commercial photonic-crystal surface-emitting laser (PCSEL) via small-signal measurement and the bit-error-rate test. Meanwhile, the radio frequency characteristics of the PCSEL are unveiled for the first time. Compared to the vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers, the PCSEL shows great potential for a broader optical bandwidth that is benefited from the high optical-confinement factor. A maximum bandwidth of around 2.32 GHz is experimentally observed when the PCSEL was biased at 340 mA. Moreover, a theoretical calculation was applied to shed light on the characteristics of the small-signal measurement, providing a deep insight into the corresponding intrinsic response model. The signal transmission capability of the PCSEL was investigated as well. The maximum bit rate and corresponding rise time transmitted at 500 Mbps are 1.2 Gbps and 186.16 ps, respectively. Thus, a high-speed PCSEL can be realised with a shrunk form factor, serving as a promising candidate for the next-generation light sources in high-speed optical communication.

show abstract

Recent Advances in 850 nm VCSELs for High-Speed Interconnects

Cited by 34 publications

References 129 publications

Bi-LSTM-Augmented Deep Neural Network for Multi-Gbps VCSEL-Based Visible Light Communication Link

Bi-LSTM-Augmented Deep Neural Network for Multi-Gbps VCSEL-Based Visible Light Communication Link

Performance Analyses of Photonic-Crystal Surface-Emitting Laser: Toward High-Speed Optical Communication

Performance Analyses of Photonic-Crystal Surface-Emitting Laser: Toward High-Speed Optical Communication

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About