Recent Advances in Bioprinting and Applications for Biosensing

Abstract

Future biosensing applications will require high performance, including real-time monitoring of physiological events, incorporation of biosensors into feedback-based devices, detection of toxins, and advanced diagnostics. Such functionality will necessitate biosensors with increased sensitivity, specificity, and throughput, as well as the ability to simultaneously detect multiple analytes. While these demands have yet to be fully realized, recent advances in biofabrication may allow sensors to achieve the high spatial sensitivity required, and bring us closer to achieving devices with these capabilities. To this end, we review recent advances in biofabrication techniques that may enable cutting-edge biosensors. In particular, we focus on bioprinting techniques (e.g., microcontact printing, inkjet printing, and laser direct-write) that may prove pivotal to biosensor fabrication and scaling. Recent biosensors have employed these fabrication techniques with success, and further development may enable higher performance, including multiplexing multiple analytes or cell types within a single biosensor. We also review recent advances in 3D bioprinting, and explore their potential to create biosensors with live cells encapsulated in 3D microenvironments. Such advances in biofabrication will expand biosensor utility and availability, with impact realized in many interdisciplinary fields, as well as in the clinic.

Determination of Uncultured Microorganisms Based on Metagenomics Signature or Biomarkers at Fresh Water Reservoirs

“…For the cultivable mocroorganisms, lots of work has been done on biomarkers development, even to identify the water quality aslo [20]. To identify unculturable microorganisms, lipid biomarker has been identified by Smith Carol A et.al 2000 [21]. Then to date, technology has been improved wchich has ben put forth lots of data about unculturable microorganisms, but to identify them based on genetic biomarkers had not been tried.…”

Sensing parasites: Proteomic and advanced bio-detection alternatives

“…The ultimate advances in bio-fabrication techniques allow creating biosensors with living cells in 3D to more closely model the in vivo cell environment, having these devices the potential to combine bio-sensing and therapeutic treatments [90]. The implementation of these tests on clinical applications might positively influence animal and human clinical management as well as significantly reduce costs.…”

Biosensor and Bioprinting

“…There are many bioprinting technologies that can be adapted for use in fabricating such as deposition of metal nanoparticles [45] or nanowires [46] to a substrate via an electric field. Bioprinting as an enabling technology possesses the advantages of high throughput, digital controlled patterning, rapid deposition, and highly accurate transfer of various biological factors to the desired locations for numerous applications.…”