As newly emerged crystalline porous materials, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) possess fascinating structures and some specific features such as modularity,c rystallinity,p orosity,s tability, versatility,a nd biocompatibility.B esides adsorption/separation, sensing, catalysis, and energy applications, COFs have recently shown ap romise in biomedical applications. This contribution provides an overview of the recent developments of COF-based medicines in cancer therapeutics, including drug delivery,p hotodynamic therapy( PDT), photothermal therapy (PTT), and combined therapy. Furthermore, the major challengesa nd developing trends in this field are also discussed. These recent developments are summarized and discussed to help encourage further contributions in this emerging and promisingf ield.[a] Q.