Recent Advances in DNA Nanotechnology for Plasmonic Biosensor Construction

Abstract

Since 2010, DNA nanotechnology has advanced rapidly, helping overcome limitations in the use of DNA solely as genetic material. DNA nanotechnology has thus helped develop a new method for the construction of biosensors. Among bioprobe materials for biosensors, nucleic acids have shown several advantages. First, it has a complementary sequence for hybridizing the target gene. Second, DNA has various functionalities, such as DNAzymes, DNA junctions or aptamers, because of its unique folded structures with specific sequences. Third, functional groups, such as thiols, amines, or other fluorophores, can easily be introduced into DNA at the 5′ or 3′ end. Finally, DNA can easily be tailored by making junctions or origami structures; these unique structures extend the DNA arm and create a multi-functional bioprobe. Meanwhile, nanomaterials have also been used to advance plasmonic biosensor technologies. Nanomaterials provide various biosensing platforms with high sensitivity and selectivity. Several plasmonic biosensor types have been fabricated, such as surface plasmons, and Raman-based or metal-enhanced biosensors. Introducing DNA nanotechnology to plasmonic biosensors has brought in sight new horizons in the fields of biosensors and nanobiotechnology. This review discusses the recent progress of DNA nanotechnology-based plasmonic biosensors.

New classifications for quantum bioinformatics: Q-bioinformatics, QCt-bioinformatics, QCg-bioinformatics, and QCr-bioinformatics

“…Quantum photonics also aids in the development of highly sensitive and specific biosensors. Plasmonic nanoparticles, for instance, enable the detection of specific DNA sequences with high accuracy [ 85 , 86 ].…”

Optical Processes behind Plasmonic Applications

“…Surface-plasmon-resonance biosensors based on plasmonic nanostructures have emerged as reliable tools for the detection and analysis of biological and chemical molecules [ 141 , 142 , 143 , 144 , 145 , 146 , 147 , 148 , 149 ]. The chip-based sensors typically comprise a glass substrate coated with (∼50 nm) of metal and a sensing layer.…”

DNA nanotechnology in tumor liquid biopsy: Enrichment and determination of circulating biomarkers

“…DNA nanotechnology can be readily integrated into microfluidic devices and biosensor platforms for point-ofcare analysis. 8,9 Herein, we summarize different DNA nanotechnology strategies that can capture, amplify, and measure the circulating biomarkers and discuss the current challenges and outlook. In addition, we demonstrate potential opportunities for DNA nanotechnology and advanced translation for clinical applications.…”

“…In particular, with the continuous progress of nucleic acid aptamers and deoxyribozymes, DNA nanotechnology with excellent molecular recognition has widened liquid biopsy applications. DNA nanotechnology can be readily integrated into microfluidic devices and biosensor platforms for point‐of‐care analysis 8,9 …”