Recent advances in interlayer and separator engineering for lithium-sulfur batteries

Zhu, Deming; Long, Tao; Xu, Bin; Zhao, Yixin; Hong, Haitao; Liu, Ruijie; Meng, Fancheng; Liu, Jiehua

doi:10.1016/j.jechem.2020.08.039

Cited by 89 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 148 publications

(152 reference statements)

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“…The above mentioned electrochemical process of the Li−S battery actually involves the formation of lithium polysulfides with various chain lengths (Li 2 S x , 2≤ x ≤8) as intermediates, being high‐order polysulfides able to dissolve into the electrolyte solution during cell discharge [6] . During subsequent charge, these mobile species can undergo a side reduction process at the lithium surface and subsequently migrate back to the cathode, where they can be newly oxidized according to a continuous “shuttling” process leading to active material loss, electrodes degradation, decrease of delivered capacity, low coulombic efficiency, and, finally, to cell failure [7,8] . Among the various strategies adopted to limit side reactions at the lithium metal surface including the severe shuttle process of the Li 2 S x species, the most relevant approach has proven that the addition of LiNO 3 as sacrificial agent to the electrolyte can protect the anode by forming a shielding solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer throughout a direct reduction reaction [9–12] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… [6] During subsequent charge, these mobile species can undergo a side reduction process at the lithium surface and subsequently migrate back to the cathode, where they can be newly oxidized according to a continuous “shuttling” process leading to active material loss, electrodes degradation, decrease of delivered capacity, low coulombic efficiency, and, finally, to cell failure. [ 7 , 8 ] Among the various strategies adopted to limit side reactions at the lithium metal surface including the severe shuttle process of the Li 2 S x species, the most relevant approach has proven that the addition of LiNO 3 as sacrificial agent to the electrolyte can protect the anode by forming a shielding solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer throughout a direct reduction reaction. [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ] A further very promising approach has been represented by the entrapment of sulfur in carbon matrices of various natures and morphologies to directly limit the polysulfides dissolution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Stable High‐Capacity Lithium‐Ion Battery Using a Biomass‐Derived Sulfur‐Carbon Cathode and Lithiated Silicon Anode

et al. 2021

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A full lithium‐ion‐sulfur cell with a remarkable cycle life was achieved by combining an environmentally sustainable biomass‐derived sulfur‐carbon cathode and a pre‐lithiated silicon oxide anode. X‐ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and thermogravimetry of the cathode evidenced the disordered nature of the carbon matrix in which sulfur was uniformly distributed with a weight content as high as 75 %, while scanning and transmission electron microscopy revealed the micrometric morphology of the composite. The sulfur‐carbon electrode in the lithium half‐cell exhibited a maximum capacity higher than 1200 mAh gS−1, reversible electrochemical process, limited electrode/electrolyte interphase resistance, and a rate capability up to C/2. The material showed a capacity decay of about 40 % with respect to the steady‐state value over 100 cycles, likely due to the reaction with the lithium metal of dissolved polysulfides or impurities including P detected in the carbon precursor. Therefore, the replacement of the lithium metal with a less challenging anode was suggested, and the sulfur‐carbon composite was subsequently investigated in the full lithium‐ion‐sulfur battery employing a Li‐alloying silicon oxide anode. The full‐cell revealed an initial capacity as high as 1200 mAh gS−1, a retention increased to more than 79 % for 100 galvanostatic cycles, and 56 % over 500 cycles. The data reported herein well indicated the reliability of energy storage devices with extended cycle life employing high‐energy, green, and safe electrode materials.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Stable High‐Capacity Lithium‐Ion Battery Using a Biomass‐Derived Sulfur‐Carbon Cathode and Lithiated Silicon Anode

et al. 2021

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“…Porous separators as an indispensable component in LSBs play a critical role on isolating the cathode from the anode and avoiding the short circuit. [ 36 ] As separator is the only way for soluble LiPS to enter the lithium anode, reasonable design and modification of the separators is an effective approach to suppress the shuttle effect and improve the overall performance of LSBs. The currently used separators are mainly porous polyolefin membranes such as polyethylene (PE) or PP, which have been commercialized in traditional LIBs due to their high ionic conductivity, strong chemical/mechanical stability, and low cost.…”

Section: Polymers In Separators and Electrolytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, polymers also play critical roles in binders, separators, and electrolytes instead of being merely limited to the cathode due to their excellent chemical stability, film‐forming ability, and processability as demonstrated in Figure . [ 36,45 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymers in Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

et al. 2021

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Lithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs) hold great promise as one of the next‐generation power supplies for portable electronics and electric vehicles due to their ultrahigh energy density, cost effectiveness, and environmental benignity. However, their practical application has been impeded owing to the electronic insulation of sulfur and its intermediates, serious shuttle effect, large volume variation, and uncontrollable formation of lithium dendrites. Over the past decades, many pioneering strategies have been developed to address these issues via improving electrodes, electrolytes, separators and binders. Remarkably, polymers can be readily applied to all these aspects due to their structural designability, functional versatility, superior chemical stability and processability. Moreover, their lightweight and rich resource characteristics enable the production of LSBs with high‐volume energy density at low cost. Surprisingly, there have been few reviews on development of polymers in LSBs. Herein, breakthroughs and future perspectives of emerging polymers in LSBs are scrutinized. Significant attention is centered on recent implementation of polymers in each component of LSBs with an emphasis on intrinsic mechanisms underlying their specific functions. The review offers a comprehensive overview of state‐of‐the‐art polymers for LSBs, provides in‐depth insights into addressing key challenges, and affords important resources for researchers working on electrochemical energy systems.

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“…In addition to designing a cathode matrix, the idea of modifying separators was adopted to relieve the shuttle effect of LiPSs, which is comparably a low-cost strategy [ 56 ]. Imtiaz et al coated MoO 3 -based slurry onto the commercial separator forming a porous network (Figures 5(a) – 5(c) ) [ 53 ].…”

Section: Molybdenum Oxidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Molybdenum-Based Materials for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries

et al. 2021

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Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries as power supply systems possessing a theoretical energy density of as high as 2600 Wh kg−1 are considered promising alternatives toward the currently used lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, the insulation characteristic and huge volume change of sulfur, the generation of dissolvable lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) during charge/discharge, and the uncontrollable dendrite formation of Li metal anodes render Li-S batteries serious cycling issues with rapid capacity decay. To address these challenges, extensive efforts are devoted to designing cathode/anode hosts and/or modifying separators by incorporating functional materials with the features of improved conductivity, lithiophilic, physical/chemical capture ability toward LiPSs, and/or efficient catalytic conversion of LiPSs. Among all candidates, molybdenum-based (Mo-based) materials are highly preferred for their tunable crystal structure, adjustable composition, variable valence of Mo centers, and strong interactions with soluble LiPSs. Herein, the latest advances in design and application of Mo-based materials for Li-S batteries are comprehensively reviewed, covering molybdenum oxides, molybdenum dichalcogenides, molybdenum nitrides, molybdenum carbides, molybdenum phosphides, and molybdenum metal. In the end, the existing challenges in this research field are elaborately discussed.

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Recent advances in interlayer and separator engineering for lithium-sulfur batteries

Cited by 89 publications

References 148 publications

A Stable High‐Capacity Lithium‐Ion Battery Using a Biomass‐Derived Sulfur‐Carbon Cathode and Lithiated Silicon Anode

A Stable High‐Capacity Lithium‐Ion Battery Using a Biomass‐Derived Sulfur‐Carbon Cathode and Lithiated Silicon Anode

Polymers in Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

Recent Advances in Molybdenum-Based Materials for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries

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