Recent advances in management of bronchiolitis

Abstract

Supportive care, comprising of taking care of oxygenation and hydration, remains the corner-stone of therapy in bronchiolitis. Pulse oximetry helps in guiding the need for oxygen administration. Several recent evidence-based reviews have suggested that bronchodilators or corticosteroids lack efficacy in bronchiolitis and should not be routinely used. A number of other novel therapies (such as nebulized hypertonic saline, heliox, CPAP, montelukast, surfactant, and inhaled furosemide) have been evaluated in clinical trials, and although most of them did not show any beneficial results, some like hypertonic saline, surfactant, CPAP have shown promising results.

Study on Demographic & Clinical Profile of Children with Bronchiolitis AGED 2 – 24 Months

“…Risk factors in admitted children were presented in Table 2. Discussion Bronchiolitis, one of the common lower respiratoryinfections is an important cause of morbidity and also acommon cause of hospitalization in infants and children (6) . In the present study, seventy five children with clinical diagnosis of bronchiolitis were evaluated.…”

Acute Viral Bronchiolitis: A Narrative Review

“…3,8 AVB is the leading cause of hospital admission among infants in developed and developing countries and associated with significant morbidity. 7,[9][10][11]…”

“…The most common viruses causing AVB are RSV, rhinovirus, influenza virus, parainfluenza viruses, adenovirus, coronavirus, human metapneumovirus (hMPV), and human bocavirus (HBoV). 1,6,7,12,13 The proportion of AVB caused by different viruses varies depending on the geography, season, and the year. RSV is the most common cause of AVB and accounts for 50 to 80% cases and rhinovirus is the second commonest cause.…”

“…In India, outbreaks occur from September to March. 7 The severity of AVB varies from an asymptomatic or mild respiratory infection that usually resolves over 1 to 2 weeks to severe lower respiratory tract infection that may require hospitalization and occasionally leading to mortality.…”

Bronchiolitis – Rationale for current recommendations for diagnosis and management

“…According to Verma et al, the supportive care remains the cornerstone of management of infants with bronchiolitis. 31 Conventionally IV fluids are recommended for use, as the chances of aspiration are lower and there is no interference with breathing. 32 However, with prolonged usage, there may be a negative catabolic state due to calorie denial, and hence many countries prefer to use nasogastric feeds for better nutritional status.…”