Recent Advances in Polymer Nanocomposites for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding: A Review

Abstract

The mushrooming utilization of electronic devices in the current era produces electromagnetic interference (EMI) capable of disabling commercial and military electronic appliances on a level like never before. Due to this, the development of advanced materials for effectively shielding electromagnetic radiation has now become a pressing priority for the scientific world. This paper reviews the current research status of polymer nanocomposite-based EMI shielding materials, with a special focus on those with hybrid fillers and MXenes. A discussion on the theory of EMI shielding followed by a brief account of the most popular synthesis methods of EMI shielding polymer nanocomposites is included in this review. Emphasis is given to unravelling the connection between microstructures of the composites, their physical properties, filler type, and EMI shielding efficiency (EMI SE). Along with EMI shielding efficiency and conductivity, mechanical properties reported for EMI shielding polymer nanocomposites are also reviewed. An elaborate discussion on the gap areas in various fields where EMI shielding materials have potential applications is reported, and future directions of research are proposed to overcome the existing technological obstacles.

Ultrathin and Flexible ANF/APP/PRGO Composite Films for High-Performance Electromagnetic Interference Shielding and Joule Heating

“…The average power coefficients ( A , R , and T ) of the composite films are shown in Figure d. Obviously, the R value is much higher than that of A , indicating that most of the incident electromagnetic waves will be reflected due to impedance mismatch, which is the main EMI shielding mechanism. And a small part of electromagnetic waves can penetrate into the composite film and be absorbed.…”

Graphene Nanoplatelet/Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube/Polypyrrole Hybrid Fillers in Polyurethane Nanohybrids with 3D Conductive Networks for EMI Shielding

“…Furthermore, it forms a continuous network of GNP–PPy–CNT–PPy–GNP paths in the PU matrix. Therefore, the resulting nanohybrid has losses due to polarization, transmission, multiple reflections, and scattering, which combine to increase the reflectance and attenuation of electromagnetic waves. − …”

New Insights to Design Electrospun Fibers with Tunable Electrical Conductive–Semiconductive Properties

“…Conductive nanofiber structures, such as those formed by the electrospinning technique, have been widely used in the fabrication of electrodes and electronic devices, receiving increased attention in recent years [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ]. These structures have a wide range of potential applications including supercapacitors [ 5 ], sensors [ 6 , 7 ], energy storage [ 8 ], electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ], environmental monitoring [ 13 ], biomedical diagnostics [ 14 ], catalysts for chemical reactions [ 15 ], and smart textiles for wearable electronics [ 16 ], health trackers [ 17 ] and smart clothing [ 18 , 19 ]. New composites and blends are being explored for the manufacture of such devices that are directly applied in the biomedical field as filters, active cell grown media, and biosensing.…”