Recent advances in quantum dot-based fluorescence-linked immunosorbent assays

Lv, Yanbing; Fan, Jinjin; Zhao, Man; Wu, Ruili; Li, Lin Song

doi:10.1039/d2nr07247e

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 217 publications

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“…Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs), as one of the most promising label materials, have been widely studied for their application in the fields of biology and medicine due to their extraordinary properties (narrowband emission, broad emission range, high brightness, good stability). − QD-based fluorescence-linked immunosorbent assay (FLISA), recently developed based on the traditional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, which used fluorescent probes instead of enzymes without enzyme reaction and color rendering time, has been widely used for the quantitative detection of protein biomarkers and small molecule toxins. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Sensitive, Stable InP Quantum Dot Fluorescent Probes for Quantitative Immunoassay Through Nanostructure Tailoring and Biotin–Streptavidin Coupling

Zhang,

Xu,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Inorg. Chem.

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Nontoxic, highly sensitive InP quantum dot (QD) fluorescent immunoassay probes are promising biomedical detection modalities due to their unique properties. However, InP-based QDs are prone to surface oxidation, and the stability of InP QD-based probes in biocompatible environments remains a crucial challenge. Although the thick shell can provide some protection during the phase transfer process of hydrophobic QDs, the photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) is generally decreased because of the contradiction between lattice stress relaxation and thick shell growth. Herein, we developed thick-shell InP-based core/shell QDs by inserting a ZnSeS alloy layer. The ternary ZnSeS intermediate shell could effectively facilitate lattice stress relaxation and passivate the defect states. The synthesized InP/ZnSe/ZnSeS/ZnS core/alloy shell/shell QDs (CAS-InP QDs) with nanostructure tailoring revealed a larger size, high PLQY (90%), and high optical stability. After amphiphilic polymer encapsulation, the aqueous CAS-InP QDs presented almost constant fluorescence attenuation and stable PL intensity under different temperatures, UV radiation, and pH solutions. The CAS-InP QDs were excellent labels of the fluorescence-linked immunosorbent assay (FLISA) for detecting C-reactive protein (CRP). The biotin–streptavidin (Bio–SA) system was first introduced in the FLISA to further improve the sensitivity, and the CAS-InP QDs-based SA–Bio sandwich FLISA realized the detection of CRP with an impressive limit of detection (LOD) of 0.83 ng/mL. It is believed that the stable and sensitive InP QD fluorescent probes will drive the rapid development of future eco-friendly, cost-effective, and sensitive in vitro diagnostic kits.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Sensitive, Stable InP Quantum Dot Fluorescent Probes for Quantitative Immunoassay Through Nanostructure Tailoring and Biotin–Streptavidin Coupling

Zhang,

Xu,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Inorg. Chem.

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“…In light of the substantial time-saving advantage conferred by dc-QD-FLISA relative to indirect competitive QD fluorescent immunoassay (ic-QD-FLISA), , it is imperative to delve into the factors contributing to the observed sensitivity disparity. First, we go back to the characteristics of the QDs specified in this study.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…We direct readers to the latest review paper for more relevant information on this field. 16 Future research endeavors will continue to prioritize enhancing the sensitivity and specificity of immunoassays involving QDs as signal amplifiers. This research trajectory will drive innovations in antibody labeling techniques, optimization of experimental conditions, and improvements in the inherent fluorescence properties of QDs.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Quantum Dot-Based Immunoassays: Unraveling Sensitivity Discrepancies and Charting Future Frontiers

Dang,

Wu,

Jin

et al. 2024

Anal. Chem.

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The 2023 Nobel Prize in Chemistry honors the groundbreaking contributions of Alexei Ekimov, Louis Brus, and Moungi Bawendi to the field of quantum dots (QDs). In this spirit, we developed a direct competitive QD fluorescence immunoassay (dc-QD-FLISA) to detect aristolochic acid type I (AAI), a potent carcinogen found in herbal remedies. Unexpectedly, the dc-QD-FLISA exhibited lower sensitivity than that of an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ic-ELISA), contrary to our initial expectations. This discrepancy in the sensitivity prompted a comprehensive analysis of the entire experimental process. We propose that steric hindrance between QDs and antigen-binding sites on antibodies may significantly diminish the binding efficiency, reducing sensitivity within the dc-QD-FLISA method. Furthermore, issues such as buffer conditions, antibody handling, and separation methods are also contributing factors. We recommend site-directed QD modification and stringent consideration of the experimental conditions. This study not only provides insights into QD-based immunoassays but also highlights the need for future advancements in immunoassay technology in terms of augmenting sensitivity and specificity, potentially revolutionizing disease diagnosis, biomarker discovery, and biomedical research.

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Growth‐Induced Extinction Development of Gold Nanoclusters as Signal Transducers for Quantitative Immunoassays

Kim,

Choi,

Kim

et al. 2024

Adv Materials Inter

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Signal transducers are crucial in bioassay platforms for converting target detection into recordable signals. Commonly used color development for immunoassays involves enzymes and colorimetric substrates. However, due to cost and environmental issues, practical point‐of‐care testing requires alternative signal transducers. Growth‐induced extinction (absorption and scattering) of gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) is proposed as a novel approach for quantitative immunoassays. AuNCs devoid of localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) are used as seeds for growth reactions. Through reactions with a growth solution comprised of gold precursor and mild reductant, AuNCs of varying concentrations underwent controlled growth, resulting in nanoparticles of different sizes exhibiting distinct LSPR‐mediated extinction bands. Notably, the seed concentration exhibited a robust correlation with the resulting extinction of the grown particles on a small scale of 110 µL for a 96‐well microplate platform. To demonstrate this signal transduction mechanism, immunosorbent assays are performed using the conjugates of AuNC and detection antibody. The sandwich‐type assay successfully quantified a model antigen, human immunoglobulin G (hIgG), by monitoring LSPR wavelength and absorbance. This assay demonstrated a working range of 0.001–1 µg mL−1 and limit of detection of 1.19 ng mL−1. Signal transducers using the growth of AuNCs offer new alternative candidates for immunoassay platforms.

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Recent advances in quantum dot-based fluorescence-linked immunosorbent assays

Abstract: Fluorescence immunoassays have been given considerable attention among the quantitative detection methods in clinical medicine and food safety testing fields. In particular, semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) have become ideal fluorescent...

Cited by 14 publications

References 217 publications

Highly Sensitive, Stable InP Quantum Dot Fluorescent Probes for Quantitative Immunoassay Through Nanostructure Tailoring and Biotin–Streptavidin Coupling

Highly Sensitive, Stable InP Quantum Dot Fluorescent Probes for Quantitative Immunoassay Through Nanostructure Tailoring and Biotin–Streptavidin Coupling

Quantum Dot-Based Immunoassays: Unraveling Sensitivity Discrepancies and Charting Future Frontiers

Growth‐Induced Extinction Development of Gold Nanoclusters as Signal Transducers for Quantitative Immunoassays

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