Clinically,
the surgical treatment of bladder cancer often faces
the problem of tumor recurrence, and the surgical treatment combined
with postoperative chemotherapy to inhibit tumor recurrence also faces
high toxicity and side effects. Therefore, the need for innovative
bladder cancer treatments is urgent. For the past few years, with
the development of nano science and technology, imaging-guided therapy
using nanomaterials with both imaging and therapy functions has shown
great advantages and can not only identify the locations of the tumors
but also exhibit biodistributions of nanomaterials in the tumors,
significantly improving the accuracy and efficacy of treatment. In
this work, we synthesized Fe(III)-doped polyaminopyrrole nanoparticles
(FePPy-NH2 NPs). With low cytotoxicity and a blood circulation
half-life of 7.59 h, high levels of FePPy-NH2 NPs accumulated
in bladder tumors, with an accumulation rate of up to 5.07%ID/g. The
coordination of Fe(III) and the amino group in the structure can be
used for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), whereas absorption in the
near-infrared region can be applied to photoacoustic imaging (PAI)
and photothermal therapy (PTT). MRI and PAI accurately identified
the location of the tumor, and based on the imaging data, laser irradiation
was employed accurately. With a high photothermal conversion efficiency
of 44.3%, the bladder tumor was completely resected without recurrence.
Hematological analysis and histopathological analysis jointly confirmed
the high level of safety of the experiment.