Recent advances in skin-like wearable sensors: sensor design, health monitoring, and intelligent auxiliary

Huang, Ziyu; Xu, Yaqi; Cheng, Ya; Xue, Mei; Deng, Mengtian; Jaffrezic‐Renault, Nicole; Guo, Zhenzhong

doi:10.1039/d2sd00037g

Cited by 28 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 161 publications

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“…Flexible sensors as the key component of wearable electronic devices are recently attracting enormous attention, which have been demonstrated in personal health monitoring, − body motion detection, , artificial skin, , human–machine interface, , etc. Skin-like features have always been highly desirable for strain sensors . To this end, sensitivity and sensing range are the two primary parameters to be considered in assessing the sensing performance of a strain sensor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Skin-like features have always been highly desirable for strain sensors. 10 To this end, sensitivity and sensing range are the two primary parameters to be considered in assessing the sensing performance of a strain sensor. The former represents the response ability of a flexible strain sensor to subtle strain variation, while the latter directly determines the application range of the sensors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hierarchically Structured Carbon Nanofiber-Enabled Skin-Like Strain Sensors with Full-Range Human Motion Monitoring and Autonomous Self-Healing Capability

Yang

Luo

Ding

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Flexible strain sensors that mimic the properties of human skin have recently attracted tremendous attention. However, integrating multiple functions of skin into one strain sensor, e.g., stretchability, full-range motion response, and self-healing capability, is still an enormous challenge. Herein, a skin-like strain sensor was presented by the construction of hierarchically structured carbon nanofibers (CNFs), followed by encapsulation of elastic self-healing polyurethane (PU). The hierarchical sensing structure was composed of diversified CNFs with orientations from highly aligned to randomly oriented, and their different fracture mechanisms enabled the resultant strain sensor to successfully integrate key sensing properties including high sensitivity (gauge factor of 90), wide sensing range (∼80% strain), and fast response (52 ms). These properties, combined with high stretchability (870%) and excellent stability (>2000 cycles), allowed the sensor to precisely detect full-range human motions from large joint motions to subtle physiological signals. Moreover, the strain sensor had spontaneous self-healing capability at room temperature with high healing efficiencies of 97.7%, while the healing process could substantially be accelerated by the natural sunlight (24 h → 0.5 h). The healed sensor possessed comparable stretchability, sensing performance, and accurate monitoring ability of subtle body signals with the original sensor. The biomimetic self-healing functionality along with skin-like sensing properties makes it attractive for next-generation wearable electronics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hierarchically Structured Carbon Nanofiber-Enabled Skin-Like Strain Sensors with Full-Range Human Motion Monitoring and Autonomous Self-Healing Capability

Yang

Luo

Ding

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…Strain sensors transduce mechanical deformations into electrical signals. Soft robust strain sensors have recently been developed by the incorporation of advanced nanomaterials into stretchable support materials [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ]. To date, highly stretchable strain sensors have been fabricated using low-dimensional carbon (e.g., carbon black (CB), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and graphene), nanowires (NWs), nanoparticles (NPs), MXenes, liquid metals, and hybrid micro/nanostructures [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stretchable Strain Sensor with Small but Sufficient Adhesion to Skin

Nishikawa

Yamane

Matsuhisa

et al. 2023

Sensors

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Stretchable strain sensors that use a liquid metal (eutectic gallium–indium alloy; E-GaIn) and flexible silicone rubber (Ecoflex) as the support and adhesive layers, respectively, are demonstrated. The flexibility of Ecoflex and the deformability of E-GaIn enable the sensors to be stretched by 100%. Ecoflex gel has sufficiently large adhesion force to skin, even though the adhesion force is smaller than that for commercially available adhesives. This enables the sensor to be used for non-invasive monitoring of human motion. The mechanical and electrical properties of the sensor are experimentally evaluated. The effectiveness of the proposed sensors is demonstrated by monitoring joint movements, facial expressions, and respiration.

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“…For a good electrochemical WS for sweat analysis, it is essential to optimize three different parts: the substrate for the device construction, the absorbent material for in situ sweat sampling, and the active material of the working electrode for the electrochemical detection of the target analyte [ 9 , 19 , 20 ]. A key requirement is that the substrate obviously must possess numerous qualities such as flexibility and mechanical stability [ 1 , 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green and Integrated Wearable Electrochemical Sensor for Chloride Detection in Sweat

Lopresti

Patella

Divita

et al. 2022

Sensors

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Wearable sensors for sweat biomarkers can provide facile analyte capability and monitoring for several diseases. In this work, a green wearable sensor for sweat absorption and chloride sensing is presented. In order to produce a sustainable device, polylactic acid (PLA) was used for both the substrate and the sweat absorption pad fabrication. The sensor material for chloride detection consisted of silver-based reference, working, and counter electrodes obtained from upcycled compact discs. The PLA substrates were prepared by thermal bonding of PLA sheets obtained via a flat die extruder, prototyped in single functional layers via CO2 laser cutting, and bonded via hot-press. The effect of cold plasma treatment on the transparency and bonding strength of PLA sheets was investigated. The PLA membrane, to act as a sweat absorption pad, was directly deposited onto the membrane holder layer by means of an electrolyte-assisted electrospinning technique. The membrane adhesion capacity was investigated by indentation tests in both dry and wet modes. The integrated device made of PLA and silver-based electrodes was used to quantify chloride ions. The calibration tests revealed that the proposed sensor platform could quantify chloride ions in a sensitive and reproducible way. The chloride ions were also quantified in a real sweat sample collected from a healthy volunteer. Therefore, we demonstrated the feasibility of a green and integrated sweat sensor that can be applied directly on human skin to quantify chloride ions.

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Recent advances in skin-like wearable sensors: sensor design, health monitoring, and intelligent auxiliary

Abstract: Recent advances in health monitoring devices and intelligent assistive devices based on skin sensors.

Cited by 28 publications

References 161 publications

Hierarchically Structured Carbon Nanofiber-Enabled Skin-Like Strain Sensors with Full-Range Human Motion Monitoring and Autonomous Self-Healing Capability

Hierarchically Structured Carbon Nanofiber-Enabled Skin-Like Strain Sensors with Full-Range Human Motion Monitoring and Autonomous Self-Healing Capability

Stretchable Strain Sensor with Small but Sufficient Adhesion to Skin

Green and Integrated Wearable Electrochemical Sensor for Chloride Detection in Sweat

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