Recent advances in smart-material rotor control actuation

Giurgiutiu, Victor

doi:10.2514/6.2000-1709

Cited by 37 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The many different concepts explored over the last several decades have been well summarized in several review papers. 1,2,3 Much of the work done to date has been focused on the development of active rotor systems for helicopters and tilt rotors. The two most successful active rotor concepts to date have been developed to the point of full scale wind tunnel testing and flight testing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluid-Structure Interaction Analysis of the Fish Bone Active Camber Mechanism

Woods

Friswell

2013

54th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference

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A coupled, partitioned fluid-structure interaction analysis is introduced for calculation of the deformed equilibrium shape, aerodynamic coefficients, and actuation requirements of the Fish Bone Active Camber morphing concept. The Fish Bone Active Camber concept is a high authority morphing camber architecture with a broad range of applications; including fixed wing aircraft, helicopters, wind turbines, and tidal stream turbines. The low chordwise bending stiffness of the morphing structure, high stiffness of the tendon drive system, and the large changes in aerodynamic loading while morphing necessitate a coupled fluid-structure interaction analysis for determination of the static equilibrium. An Euler-Bernoulli beam theory based analytical model of the structure is introduced and validated. Aerodynamic loads are found using XFOIL software, which couples a potential flow panel method with a viscous boundary layer solver. Finally, the tendons are modeled as linear stiffness elements whose internal strains are found from Euler-Bernoulli theory and whose axial forces create bending moments on the spine at their discrete mounting points. Convergence of the FSI code is stabilized through incorporation of relaxation parameters. Results for two chosen test cases are presented to give insight into the mechanical and aerodynamic behavior of the FishBAC concept. Nomenclature

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluid-Structure Interaction Analysis of the Fish Bone Active Camber Mechanism

Woods

Friswell

2013

54th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference

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“…Previous work has shown the potential of a properly sized, servo-type TEF driven at 3-5/rev to provide significant hub vibration reductions for a four-bladed rotor system (Refs. 4,6,and 9). To show the promise of PAM technology to surpass the current state of the art, this system was designed to have a level of control authority beyond what has typically been achieved.…”

Section: Pam Tef System Designmentioning

confidence: 98%

Whirl Testing of a Pneumatic Artificial Muscle Actuation System for a Full-Scale Active Rotor

Woods

Kothera

Wereley

2014

J Am Helicopter Soc

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A novel active trailing edge flap system nominally sized for a 35-ft (10.7-m)-diameter four-bladed rotor was developed and whirl tested. The pneumatic artificial muscle actuators employed have several attractive properties, including large forces and displacements, excellent specific work, and robustness. Two pneumatic artificial muscles were mounted antagonistically in the blade root and were connected to an outboard trailing edge flap via bell cranks and linkages. The system was sized to produce flap deflections at frequencies up to 5/rev (N + 1/rev) for vibration reduction, as well as large 1/rev deflections for primary rotor control. A quasistatic model of system performance was developed and used to determine the best available actuator geometry and to optimize the kinematics of the linkage system. A subspan, vacuum chamber whirl test rig was developed for testing under full-scale centrifugal, inertial and simulated aerodynamic loading. The performance of the system under a range of operating conditions was evaluated. Large output flap deflections under full-scale loading show the promise of this actuation system.

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“…3,4). However, tremendous technical difficulties have yet to be overcome to apply a high performance vibration suppression system to full-scale helicopters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Investigation of Helicopter Seat Structural Dynamics for Aircrew Vibration Mitigation

Chen¹,

Wickramasinghe²,

Zimcik³

2011

j am helicopter soc

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This paper presents the investigation of helicopter seat structural dynamics to identify solutions to mitigate vibration levels transmitted to aircrew. Flight test was conducted on a Bell-412 helicopter to measure aircrew vibration levels to characterize the vibration transmission through seat structures. Modal analysis was conducted to characterize the seat/aircrew dynamics. The critical vibration modes that contributed to the aircrew vibrations have been identified. To mitigate aircrew vibrations, several cushion materials have been evaluated through flight tests. The combination of original Bell-412 seat cushion with an urethane pad demonstrated promising results, indicating the vibration isolation performance can be improved through optimization of cushion impedance properties. Active seat structural modification was also investigated. Two stacked piezoelectric actuators were retrofitted on a Bell-412 seat frame to function as active struts to reduce critical vibration modes experienced by a mannequin. Closed-loop experimental results demonstrated simultaneous suppression of criticalmannequin vibration modes to achieve significant global reduction of the mannequin vibration levels. The experiment verified the effectiveness of adaptive helicopter seat mount concept for aircrew vibration mitigation applications.

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Recent advances in smart-material rotor control actuation

Cited by 37 publications

References 31 publications

Fluid-Structure Interaction Analysis of the Fish Bone Active Camber Mechanism

Fluid-Structure Interaction Analysis of the Fish Bone Active Camber Mechanism

Whirl Testing of a Pneumatic Artificial Muscle Actuation System for a Full-Scale Active Rotor

Investigation of Helicopter Seat Structural Dynamics for Aircrew Vibration Mitigation

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