Recent Advances in Studying Age-Associated Lipids Alterations and Dietary Interventions in Mammals

Abstract

Lipids are involved in a broad spectrum of canonical biological functions, from energy supply and storage by triacylglycerols to membrane formation by sphingolipids, phospholipids and glycolipids. Because of this wide range of functions, there is an overlap between age-associated processes and lipid pathways. Lipidome analysis revealed age-related changes in the lipid composition of various tissues in mice and humans, which were also influenced by diet and gender. Some changes in the lipid profile can be linked to the onset of age-related neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s disease. Furthermore, the excessive accumulation of lipid storage organelles, lipid droplets, has significant implications for the development of inflammaging and non-communicable age-related diseases. Dietary interventions such as caloric restriction, time-restrictive eating, and lipid supplementation have been shown to improve pertinent health metrics or even extend life span and thus modulate aging processes.

Early life changes in histone landscape protect against age-associated amyloid toxicities through HSF-1 dependent regulation of lipid metabolism

“…4D, E). These results were fully consistent with lipid composition changes in other long-lived mutants of C. elegans 44,45 , providing further evidence for the emerging model that changes in TG composition might be a central unifying feature of mutations that lead to extended health and lifespan 46 . Yet our biggest surprise came when we realized that C18:1 species (i.e., oleic acid, cis-vaccenic acid) did not accumulate upon ash-2 depletion but were actually even lower than the C18:1 amounts measured in hsf-1 depleted worms, which showed C18:1 levels comparable to wild-type or ash-2 depleted worms grown on oleic acid supplemented plates for several days (Fig.…”

How Alpha Linolenic Acid May Sustain Blood–Brain Barrier Integrity and Boost Brain Resilience against Alzheimer’s Disease

“…Yet, modifiable risk factors for dementia, such as the diet, consistently linked to slower rate of cognitive decline, lend promise for prevention or delay of the disease [ 9 ]. Specifically in the context of lipids, lipid supplementation have been shown to improve health metrics such as insulin resistance, fatty liver and BBB integrity [ 10 , 11 , 12 ], and to extend life span, modulating the aging processes [ 13 ]. Specific lipid-based nutrients, such as the n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) have been linked to better cognitive health due to their anti-inflammatory and synaptogenic properties [ 14 ].…”

Causal relationship between dyslipidemia and risk of facial aging: Insights from Mendelian randomization in East Asian populations

“…In recent aging research, the influence of dyslipidemia, defined by irregular levels of lipids in the blood, on facial aging has become a topic of significant interest. 13 While prior research has examined this link, findings have been mixed, with some studies not finding a definitive connection between dyslipidemia and the aging of facial features. 4 In light of this, our study focuses on dyslipidemia as a key element, utilizing MR to delve into its association with facial aging.…”