2002
DOI: 10.1016/s0378-7753(01)00954-5
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Recent advances in the development of direct alcohol fuel cells (DAFC)

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Cited by 1,047 publications
(702 citation statements)
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“…It has been reported [9,10,118] that ethanol gives similar performances to methanol at high operating temperatures with acidic membranes. A further point of interest is that Pt/Sn anode catalysts are more active than Pt/Ru in the case of direct fuelling with ethanol [119][120][121] in cells with acidic membranes.…”
Section: Feasibility Of Alternative Fuels Coupled With the Applicatiomentioning
confidence: 97%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…It has been reported [9,10,118] that ethanol gives similar performances to methanol at high operating temperatures with acidic membranes. A further point of interest is that Pt/Sn anode catalysts are more active than Pt/Ru in the case of direct fuelling with ethanol [119][120][121] in cells with acidic membranes.…”
Section: Feasibility Of Alternative Fuels Coupled With the Applicatiomentioning
confidence: 97%
“…Methanol is toxic, while alcohols such as ethanol are less so. The direct use of "higher" alcohols is of interest due to potentially higher energy densities and higher maximum thermodynamic efficiencies [9,10] ( Table 1). The use of ethanol would be especially attractive due to its availability from renewable sources such as the fermentation of sugar-containing raw materials (Brazil already distributes ethanol through the gas station network to fuel internal combustion powered cars); ethanol-based substances [117].…”
Section: Feasibility Of Alternative Fuels Coupled With the Applicatiomentioning
confidence: 99%
“…3 As células a combustível são dispositivos que transformam energia química em energia elétrica praticamente sem a emissão de poluentes a partir de um combustível, geralmente hidrogênio gasoso, o qual é oxidado no ânodo, enquanto que o oxigênio é reduzido no cátodo. 4 Outros combustíveis podem ser utilizados para serem oxidados na célula a combustível, 5 porém o hidrogênio é o único que fornece densidades de corrente de interesse prático. 6 Devido a sua pequena massa e sua alta entalpia de combustão, o hidrogênio fornece significativa densidade de energia por unidade de massa com uma eficiência de conversão de energia química em elétrica de aproximadamente 50%, podendo alcançar até 83%.…”
Section: Introductionunclassified
“…5,6 Com a finalidade de reduzir a quantidade de CO proveniente da reação de reforma, outra etapa pode ser adicionada ao processo, onde o CO é convertido a CO 2 através da reação de deslocamento gás-água (reação 2). Desta forma, aproveita-se o CO produzido durante a reforma para a produção de uma quantidade adicional de H 2 .…”
Section: Introductionunclassified
“…In this context, the use of ethanol as fuel is promising because it is renewable, easy to store and handle, and contains high energy density (8 kW h kg -1 ), which makes it a good candidate to replace traditional oil fuels. 1 In recent years, Brazil has increased its production of ethanol, which has led to growing interest on the part of researches in using this fuel. 2 In this sense, research involving direct ethanol fuel cell (DEFC) is advantageous.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%