Recent Advances in the Imaging of Frontotemporal Dementia

Whitwell, Jennifer L.; Josephs, Keith A.

doi:10.1007/s11910-012-0317-0

Cited by 44 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…FTDP-17 ( MAPT ) typically shows symmetrical fronto-temporal lobe atrophy, with the most severe abnormalities observed in the temporal lobes, whereas highly asymmetrical fronto-parieto-temporal atrophy is seen in FTDP-17 ( PGRN ) [71, 72, 73]. If symmetrical fronto-temporal atrophy is associated with midbrain atrophy, usually similar extrapyramidal features to those seen in PSP syndrome are observed.…”

Section: Neuroimaging In Ftd With Parkinsonismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parkinsonian syndrome in familial frontotemporal dementia

Siuda¹,

Fujioka²,

Wszołek³

2014

Parkinsonism & Related Disorders

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Parkinsonism in frontotemporal dementia (FTD) was first described in families with mutations in the microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) and progranulin (PRGN) genes. Since then, mutations in several other genes have been identified for FTD with Parkinsonism, including chromosome 9 open reading frame 72 (C9ORF72), chromatin modifying protein 2B (CHMP2B), valosin-containing protein (VCP), fused in sarcoma (FUS) and transactive DNA-binding protein (TARDBP). The clinical presentation of patients with familial forms of FTD with Parkinsonism is highly variable. The Parkinsonism seen in FTD patients is usually characterized by akinetic-rigid syndrome and is mostly associated with the behavioral variant of FTD (bvFTD); however, some cases may present with classical Parkinson’s disease. In other cases, atypical Parkinsonism resembling progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) or corticobasal syndrome (CBS) has also been described. Although rare, Parkinsonism in FTD may coexist with motor neuron disease. Structural neuroimaging, which is crucial for the diagnosis of FTD, shows characteristic patterns of brain atrophy associated with specific mutations. Structural neuroimaging is not helpful in distinguishing among patients with parkinsonian features. Furthermore, dopaminergic imaging that shows nigrostriatal neurodegeneration in FTD with Parkinsonism cannot discriminate parkinsonian syndromes that arise from different mutations. Generally, Parkinsonism in FTD is levodopa unresponsive, but there have been cases where a temporary benefit has been reported, so dopaminergic treatment is worth trying, especially, when motor and non-motor manifestations can cause significant problems with daily functioning. In this review, we present an update on the clinical and genetic correlations of FTD with Parkinsonism.

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Section: Neuroimaging In Ftd With Parkinsonismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parkinsonian syndrome in familial frontotemporal dementia

Siuda¹,

Fujioka²,

Wszołek³

2014

Parkinsonism & Related Disorders

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“…The heterogeneous nature of FTD both clinically and pathologically and the relatively small numbers of individuals affected by this type of dementia may contribute towards this deficit. Distinct atrophic changes in the frontal and anterior temporal lobes is described for all subtypes at 1.5 and 3T 66. As is the case for AD and LBD, imaging at ultra-high resolutions may be beneficial in describing the disease processes more fully in vivo and in developing biomarkers that can be used to monitor disease progression, guide prognosis, and be used to evaluate the effects of any potential treatments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

7T MRI for neurodegenerative dementias in vivo: a systematic review of the literature

McKiernan

O’Brien

2017

J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry

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The spatial resolution of 7T MRI approaches the scale of pathologies of interest in degenerative brain diseases, such as amyloid plaques and changes in cortical layers and subcortical nuclei. It may reveal new information about neurodegenerative dementias, although challenges may include increased artefact production and more adverse effects. We performed a systematic review of papers investigating Alzheimer's disease (AD), Lewy body dementia (LBD), frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and Huntington's disease (HD) in vivo using 7T MRI. Of 19 studies identified, 15 investigated AD (the majority of which examined hippocampal subfield changes), and 4 investigated HD. Ultrahigh resolution revealed changes not visible using lower field strengths, such as hippocampal subfield atrophy in mild cognitive impairment. Increased sensitivity to susceptibility-enhanced iron imaging, facilitating amyloid and microbleed examination; for example, higher microbleed prevalence was found in AD than previously recognised. Theoretical difficulties regarding image acquisition and scan tolerance were not reported as problematic. Study limitations included small subject groups, a lack of studies investigating LBD and FTD and an absence of longitudinal data. In vivo 7T MRI may illuminate disease processes and reveal new biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Evidence from AD and HD studies suggest that other neurodegenerative dementias would also benefit from imaging at ultrahigh resolution.

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“…5 Neuroimaging in frontotemporal dementia remains an area of active research, which now focuses on the differentiation among subtypes of FTD. 6,7 In terms of treatment, there are currently no evidence-based treatments that can delay the progress of FTD. Prescribing is therefore targeted to symptom control.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

When mania is not mania: a case of frontotemporal dementia

Prevezanos¹,

Badrakalimuthu²,

Eddy³

2017

Prog Neurol Psychiatry

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Imaging is a vital diagnostic tool to help distinguish frontotemporal dementia (FTD) from other neurodegenerative conditions. Here, the authors present the case of a 76‐year‐old man, without a history of mental disorders, suffering acute FTD that was clinically similar to a manic episode. The finding from neuroimaging is described along with the successful pharmacological management of the patient.

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Recent Advances in the Imaging of Frontotemporal Dementia

Cited by 44 publications

References 102 publications

Parkinsonian syndrome in familial frontotemporal dementia

Parkinsonian syndrome in familial frontotemporal dementia

7T MRI for neurodegenerative dementias in vivo: a systematic review of the literature

When mania is not mania: a case of frontotemporal dementia

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