Recent Advances in the Management of Severe Gastrointestinal Dysmotility

Abstract

Severe gastrointestinal motility disorders with small bowel involvement continue to pose a major clinical challenge to clinicians, particularly because of the limitations of diagnostic tests and the lack of efficacious treatment options. In this article, we review current understanding and the utility of diagnostic modalities and therapeutic approaches, and describe how their limitations may potentially exacerbate prolonged suffering with debilitating symptoms, diagnostic delays, the risk of iatrogenic harm and increased healthcare utilisation in this group of patients. Moreover, observations from intestinal failure units worldwide suggest that this problem could be set to increase in the future, with reported trends of increasing numbers of patients presenting with nutritional consequences. Unfortunately, until recently, there has been a lack of consensus recommendations and guidance to support clinicians with their management approach. The aim of this narrative review is to summarise recent developments in this field following publication of an international census of experts, and subsequent clinical guidelines, which have emphasized the importance of holistic, multidisciplinary care. This is particularly important in achieving good clinical outcomes and ensuring the appropriate use of artificial nutritional support, in order to prevent iatrogenic harm. We discuss how these recent developments may impact clinical practice by supporting the development of specialised clinical services to deliver optimal care, and highlight areas where further research is needed.

Effects of acupuncture on gastrointestinal diseases and its underlying mechanism: a literature review of animal studies

“…Postoperative ileus is a widely known complication characterized by transient impairment of GI function after abdominal surgery ( 19 ). In a postoperative ileus model, EA increased gastric emptying and treated GI dysmotility by decreasing the sympathetic balance and increasing vagus nerve activity.…”

The Overall Prevalence of Hypothyroidism in Children Suffering Chronic Constipation in Shahrekord in 2019

“…In this regard, it seems that hypothyroidism and Hirschsprung disease should be considered in the differential diagnosis of children suffering from severe constipation. 11 Thus, according to the fact that severe gastrointestinal motility disorders have been demonstrated as a main and common manifestation of hypothyroidism, [12][13][14] increasing the likelihood of constipation in hypothyroid children and vice versa can be expected.…”

The electroenterographic findings of the aqueous extract of betalains in adult patients with intestinal hypermotility disorders

“…The current study shows that betalains-treated group reduced the wave frequencies measured in MHz and increased activity of intestine during the time of measurement as compared with the control cases, Figures 5 and 6. Motility disorders of the intestines are real health, social, and even economic problems since such disorders will tremendously deteriorate human activity [11].…”