Recent advances in the pathophysiology and management of eosinophilic oesophagitis

Epstein, Jenny; Warner, John O.

doi:10.1111/cea.12316

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 92 publications

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“…Eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders are classified according to the site of the inflammation and the depth and severity of the inflammation, which influences the presenting symptoms. The spectrum of pathologies (often with overlapping symptoms) includes EoE (the most common of these conditions), eosinophilic gastroenteritis and eosinophilic gastroen-terocolitis [2,[20][21][22].…”

Section: When To Suspectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Doing the Food Allergy Diagnosis

Alej¹,

MedinaHern²,

ez³

et al. 2017

Otolaryngol (Sunnyvale)

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Most people can eat a variety of foods without problems. However, in a small percentage of the population, certain foods can cause adverse reactions, from which the origin should be investigated: Perhaps food poisoning, a psychological aversion to a food, an intolerance to an ingredient in a meal or a true food allergy. Diagnosis of food allergy requires a combination of a detailed medical history, laboratory data and in many cases, an oral food challenge, which is confirmatory of either tolerance or an adverse food reaction (allergy or non-allergic). The cornerstone of food allergy management is the elimination of the allergen involved, however the allergen elimination process could predispose patients, especially children to inadequate diets and cause nutritional deficiencies thus eliminating diets should be done in the most specific way possible. Keywords: Food allergy, Allergy; Patient; Children DefinitionAdverse reactions to food may be due to intolerance, toxicity or immunological mechanisms. Food allergy is defined as an adverse immune response that occurs reproducibly on exposure to a given food. This is different from food intolerance, which refers to a nonimmunological adverse reaction to food [1][2][3][4]. Food allergy is the result of an immune response, which may be mediated by IgE (type I) and non-IgE mediated (type II, III, IV or mixed hypersensitivity); and which occurs by sensitization to food allergens [5][6][7][8]. Food Allergy EpidemiologyFood allergy is common, in developed countries, the prevalence of food allergy has increased over the last two or three decades, with no universal theory to explain this phenomenon and no interventions appear to curtail a similar increase in developing countries. The prevalence of food allergy seems to vary greatly with age. Currently estimated to affect between 2 and 8% of the world's population. The prevalence of food allergy is highest in infants and toddlers; affecting 6% to 8% of children and can be both life-impacting and lifethreatening [1][2][3]8,9].2.5% of infants suffer from milk allergy and up to 10% of 1-yearolds suffer from allergies to food, including cow's milk, egg, nuts, soya, wheat and fish/shellfish [2,10]. Some children may "outgrow" their symptoms of allergy, but for others, the food allergies may be lifelong. Because reported cases increase each year, food allergy should be considered a public health problem. In fact, some authors have described it as "the second wave" of the allergic epidemic [8].Cross-reactivity between different species of foods in allergic patients is also common. Dietary avoidance is currently the most essential component in the management of food allergy. However, it may not be beneficial for children during periods of active growth, as it can limit their intake of nutrients from different foods. Conflicting information regarding cross-reactivity often leads to an inconsistent understanding of food allergies among physicians and other health care givers which lead to disparate recommendations and confusion...

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Section: When To Suspectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Doing the Food Allergy Diagnosis

Alej¹,

MedinaHern²,

ez³

et al. 2017

Otolaryngol (Sunnyvale)

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Developments in the field of allergy in 2014 through the eyes of Clinical and Experimental Allergy

Hales

Hizawa

Jenmalm

et al. 2015

Clin Experimental Allergy

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SummaryThe pathogenesis of asthma continues to be a major topic of interest to our authors with reviews and original papers on the role of viruses, mechanisms of inflammation, biomarkers, and phenotypes of asthma being major topics. A number of papers described new treatments for asthma focusing on blocking the Th2 response reflecting the fact that two decades of work in this area is finally bearing fruit. The pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis is a growing area of interest, but there has been less on the genetics of airways disease than in previous years possibly reflecting the degree of rigour (and therefore a smaller body of work), with which these sorts of studies are now being undertaken. There continues to be a wide range of papers dealing with mechanisms of allergic disease ranging from clinical‐based studies to basic research and the use of in vivo animal models especially mice. As before, mechanisms and new approaches to immunotherapy are common themes. Several were published in the allergens section investigating modification of allergens to increase their effectiveness and reduce the risk of adverse events. Risk factors for allergic disease was a common theme in the epidemiology section and food allergy a common theme in clinical allergy with papers on the development of protocols to induce tolerance and attempts to find biomarkers to distinguish sensitization from allergic disease. This was another exciting year for the editors, and we hope the readers of the journal.

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Recent advances in the pathophysiology and management of eosinophilic oesophagitis

Cited by 2 publications

References 92 publications

Doing the Food Allergy Diagnosis

Doing the Food Allergy Diagnosis

Developments in the field of allergy in 2014 through the eyes of Clinical and Experimental Allergy

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