Recent Applications and Prospects of Nanowire-Based Biosensors

Abstract

High-sensitivity biomedical sensors could make it possible to detect and classify chemical and biological species in a variety of applications, from disease diagnosis to medication discovery, thus, boosting the likelihood of life-saving intervention. Synthesized nanowires have already produced advancements in a variety of sectors, including biological sensors over the last decade. When compared to macro-sized materials, the nanowires’ large surface area-to-volume ratio increased sensitivity. Their applications for biomarker, viral, and DNA detection, as well as drug discovery, are also discussed. Self-powering, reusability, sensitivity in high ionic strength solvents, and long-term stability are all examples of recent developments. Shortly, the nanowire is likely to lead to major improvements in biomedical sensors. This review provides a full overview of the nanowire sensor’s working principle and production procedure. We have discussed how to produce nanowires that can be utilized as biosensors for different bacteria and pathogens, protease, DNA and RNA, neurotransmitters, and chemical compounds. Biosensing technology has dramatically improved because of the introduction of nanowires in biosensors. This is a result of the application of new biorecognition components and transducers, improvements in the manufacture, design, and miniaturization of nanostructured devices at the micron scale, and unique approaches for the synthesis of nanowires. The versatility, robustness, and dynamic nature of sensing technologies have all improved thanks to the usage of nanowires.

ZnO based 0–3D diverse nano-architectures, films and coatings for biomedical applications

“…The biosensor was able to detect glucose concentrations as low as 1 μM, and it showed excellent selectivity for glucose over other interferents. 32 Another recent study developed a ZnO nanorod (NR)-based biosensor for the detection of cancer cells. The biosensor was fabricated by coating ZnO NRs with a layer of antibodies that are specific to cancer cells.…”

Development of Non-Invasive Biosensors for Neonatal Jaundice Detection: A Review

“…Biosensors will have benefits such as real-time monitoring, low sample volume needs, and the potential for point-of-care testing, surpassing traditional approaches [30]. Biosensors can help identify at-risk neonates early, allowing for prompt therapies to avert issues related to severe hyperbilirubinemia [31,32].…”

An analytical-atomistic model for elastic behavior of silicon nanowires

“…Silicon nanowires (Si NWs) exhibit a distinctive set of properties enabling their use in applications such as sensing, energy conversion and communication [1][2][3]. Compared to other one-dimensional nanostructures, the ease of their integration and miniaturization due to their compatibility with semiconductor manufacturing puts Si NWs in a unique position to serve as the main transducer building block in nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) and nanoelectronic devices [4][5][6][7][8]. There is extensive literature studying the effect of miniaturization on the physical properties of Si NWs as a prerequisite for the development of innovative applications [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18].…”