Recent approaches in sensitive enantioseparations by CE

Abstract

The latest strategies and instrumental improvements for enhancing the detection sensitivity in chiral analysis by CE are reviewed in this work. Following the previous reviews by García-Ruiz et al. (Electrophoresis 2006, 27, 195-212) and Sánchez-Hernández et al. (Electrophoresis 2008, 29, 237-251; Electrophoresis 2010, 31, 28-43), this review includes those papers that were published during the period from June 2009 to May 2011. These works describe the use of offline and online sample treatment techniques, online sample preconcentration techniques based on electrophoretic principles, and alternative detection systems to UV-Vis to increase the detection sensitivity. The application of the above-mentioned strategies, either alone or combined, to improve the sensitivity in the enantiomeric analysis of a broad range of samples, such as pharmaceutical, biological, food and environmental samples, enables to decrease the limits of detection up to 10⁻¹² M. The use of microchips to achieve sensitive chiral separations is also discussed.

Molecular dynamics simulation and NMR investigation of the association of the β-blockers atenolol and propranolol with a chiral molecular micelle

“…It is for this reason that the Food and Drug Administration mandates that the properties of each enantiomer of a chiral drug be studied separately before decisions are made to bring the drug to market as a single enantiomer or as a racemic mixture [2]. In order to meet the growing need for effective and efficient chiral separations, chiral forms of high-performance liquid chromatography, gas chromatography, thin layer chromatography, and supercritical fluid chromatography have been developed [3,4]. In each of these techniques, enantiomers are separated based upon differences in their free energies of binding to the chiral stationary phase [5].…”

A molecular dynamics simulation study of the association of 1,1′-binaphthyl-2,2′-diyl hydrogenphosphate enantiomers with a chiral molecular micelle

“…Many CE pseudostationary phases have been developed, including chiral cyclodextrins, micelles, peptides, and polymers [9,10]. Wang and Warner in 1994 and Dobashi, et al in 1995 were the first researchers to use chiral amino acid terminated molecular micelles as the pseudostationary phase in chiral CE [11,12].…”

Synthesis and applications of sulfopropyl ether γ-cyclodextrin polymer as chiral selector in capillary electrophoresis

“…Since the early 1980s, capillary electrophoresis (CE) and its related electroseparation techniques for chiral separation have been proven to be efficient analytical techniques [7][8][9][10][11][12]. The advantages of high separation efficiency, fast method development, high analytical throughput, minimal sample consumption, and multiple separation modes made CE better than pressure-driven flow systems, such as high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [13][14][15][16].…”