The article discusses the clinical and pathogenetic parallels of functional dyspepsia (FD) and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO). To date, there is evidence that FD is often associated with SIBO. Apparently, this relationship is determined by alterations of the gastrointestinal motility, the causal factors of which may be heterogeneous. The low effectiveness of traditional methods of pharmacotherapy for FD may be conditioned by the persistent nature of SIBO, which requires timely diagnosis and subsequent correction