Recent developments in electrochemistry at the interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions for ion sensing

Abstract

Ion transfer at the interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions allows the non-redox electrochemical detection of ions ranging from protons to macromolecules such as proteins. New electrochemical methods and analytical procedures have been developed in recent years to achieve limits of detection of from μM down to tens of pM for ion sensing in biomedical diagnostics and in environmental monitoring. This article reviews the developments of the period 2010-2015.

Electrochemical behaviour at a liquid-organogel microinterface array of fucoidan extracted from algae

“…31 In recent decades, there has been an increased interest in the electrochemistry of the interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions (ITIES) as the basis for new analytical strategies. 32,33 Since electrochemistry at the ITIES offers advantages such as label-free detection and amenability to miniaturization, 34 it has been employed in the study of biological macromolecules such as proteins 35,36 and carbohydrates. 37,38 A range of polysaccharides has been studied by this approach.…”

Stripping Voltammetry at the Interface between two Immiscible Electrolyte Solutions: A Review Paper

“…ITSV at the ITIES is known as a powerful electroanalytical method that not only enables the trace analysis of various ions but also, in comparison to traditional redox-based stripping voltammetry [10], the ions do not need to be reduced or oxidized. Stripping voltammetry at the ITIES has been used since the early 1990s [133], when it was demonstrated as a powerful platform for electroanalysis due to its high sensitivity, selectivity for a wide range of organic and inorganic analytes, requirement for low-cost equipment, versatility, and portability [3,9,67,125,[132][133][134][135][136]. Moreover, stripping voltammetry is attractive for in-situ analysis of protons of various macromolecules such as proteins, which are important in biological, biochemical, environmental, pharmaceutical, and clinical materials 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 analysis.…”

Electrochemical study of ketones as organic phases for the establishment of micro-liquid/liquid interfaces

“…It uses the liquid/liquid interface as the working electrode to implement many applications including the study of charge (electron and ion) transfer processes, detection of ionic species, and fabrication of chemical sensors [2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Compared with a solid/liquid interface, a liquid/liquid interface could automatically form a smooth area between two phases.…”