Recent Developments in Quantum-Well Infrared Photodetectors

Gunapala, Sarath D.; Bandara, K. M. S. V.

doi:10.1016/s1079-4050(06)80005-0

Cited by 73 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 105 publications

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“…Thanks to PtSi Schottky barrier IR properties, great attention was dedicated to FPA arrays based on integrated silicon Schottky sensors which were showing reliable monolithic silicon CMOS-integrated technology and high uniformity in detectivity, but were operating in the short wavelength region and with the limitation of low working temperatures. Similar considerations can be made for the long wavelength GaAs/GaAlAs Multi-Quantum Well IR FPA arrays [16], which, although if with lower quantum efficiency, are close to CMT performances even showing higher homogeneity and stability in sensitivity thanks to a more reliable manufacturing process, but with the strong limitation of working at lower temperatures (<77 K). This requires the use of Cryogenic structures with high cost of purchasing and maintenance, therefore improving the restriction of the main use to military applications, limiting the market size, and, as consequence, the product growth.…”

Section: Focal Plane Array (Fpa)mentioning

confidence: 61%

Infrared: A Key Technology for Security Systems

Corsi

2012

Advances in Optical Technologies

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Infrared science and technology has been, since the first applications, mainly dedicated to security and surveillance especially in military field, besides specialized techniques in thermal imaging for medical diagnostic and building structures and recently in energy savings and aerospace context. Till recently the security applications were mainly based on thermal imaging as surveillance and warning military systems. In all these applications the advent of room temperature, more reliable due to the coolers avoidance, low cost, and, overall, completely integrable with Silicon technology FPAs, especially designed and tailored for specific applications, smart sensors, has really been impacted with revolutionary and new ideas and system concepts in all the infrared fields, especially for security applications. Lastly, the advent of reliable Infrared Solid State Laser Sources, operating up to the Long Infrared Wavelength Band and the new emerging techniques in Far Infrared Submillimeter Terahertz Bands, has opened wide and new areas for developing new, advanced security systems. A review of all the items with evidence of the weak and the strong points of each item, especially considering possible future developments, will be reported and discussed.

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Section: Focal Plane Array (Fpa)mentioning

confidence: 61%

Infrared: A Key Technology for Security Systems

Corsi

2012

Advances in Optical Technologies

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“…7,8 The bandgap discontinuity of the two materials creates quantized subbands in the potential wells associated with conduction bands or valence bands. The structure parameters are designed so that the photo excited carriers can escape from the potential wells and be collected as photocurrent.…”

Section: Examples Of Infrared Imaging Technologies For Tissue Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infrared imaging: a potential powerful tool for neuroimaging and neurodiagnostics

Khoshakhlagh

Gunapala

2017

Neurophoton

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Abstract. Infrared (IR) imaging is used to detect the subtle changes in temperature needed to accurately detect and monitor disease. Technological advances have made IR a highly sensitive and reliable detection tool with strong potential in medical and neurophotonics applications. An overview of IR imaging specifically investigating quantum well IR detectors developed at Jet Propulsion Laboratory for a noninvasive, nonradiating imaging tool is provided, which could be applied for neuroscience and neurosurgery where it involves sensitive cellular temperature change.

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“…GaAs and Ga 1-x Al x As [5][6][7]. A fundamental characteristic of QWIPs is that infrared radiation will be absorbed and detected only if there is an electric field component perpendicular to the layers.…”

Section: Qwip Fpa Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

<title>Polarization-sensitive QWIP thermal imager</title>

Beekman

Anda

2000

SPIE Proceedings

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A polarization-sensitive thermal imager has been assembled using a quantum-well infrared photodetector (QWIP) focal plane array (FPA) with peak responsivity in the long-wave infrared (LWIR) spectral band near 9 µm. Polarization-dependent responsivity is achieved by etching linear gratings onto each pixel during QWIP FPA fabrication, with adjacent pixels having orthogonal grating orientation. The direct integration of the gratings with the pixels eliminates all pixel registration errors encountered with previous infrared polarimetry instruments. We present here details of the FPA and thermal imaging system design and performance and show examples of polarization-enhanced imagery. IntroductionExploitation of infrared polarization signatures can enhance the contrast of targets vs backgrounds. Targets are composed of man-made materials that tend to be smoother than natural materials, and hence both reflect and emit a stronger polarization signature than natural backgrounds.The development of polarization-sensitive infrared detectors is complex. Some previous efforts have employed rotating polarizers [1], polarization elements at an intermediate focal plane [2], and a polarization beam splitter producing two images on a single FPA [3]. The practical use of such instruments also involves added complexities [4]. Polarization analysis is very sensitive to misalignments, and precise six-axis alignment is difficult to achieve, verify, and maintain.We have designed and fabricated a focal-plane array (FPA) detector with polarization elements integrated onto each pixel, which eliminates the alignments and artifacts associated with separate polarization elements or multiple images. A description of the instrument and some preliminary characterization data is given below. Report Documentation Page

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Recent Developments in Quantum-Well Infrared Photodetectors

Cited by 73 publications

References 105 publications

Infrared: A Key Technology for Security Systems

Infrared: A Key Technology for Security Systems

Infrared imaging: a potential powerful tool for neuroimaging and neurodiagnostics

<title>Polarization-sensitive QWIP thermal imager</title>

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