Recent Glacier Recession in Glacier National Park, Montana

Dyson, James L.

doi:10.1086/625016

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The selected sites in the central Rockies have a combined rate of NO 3 -and ammonium (NH 4 + ) deposition between 1.4-2.5 kg Nr ha -1 year -1 , while those in the northern Rockies are between 2.0-3.4 kg Nr ha -1 year -1 (17). Alpine glaciers receded substantially in both regions over the course of the 20th century (18)(19)(20).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melting Alpine Glaciers Enrich High-Elevation Lakes with Reactive Nitrogen

Saros

Rose

Clow

et al. 2010

Environ. Sci. Technol.

113

107

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See next page for additional authorsFollow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/geosciencefacpub Part of the Earth Sciences CommonsThis Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Department of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska -Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Papers in the Earth and Atmospheric Sciences by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska -Lincoln. Alpine glaciers have receded substantially over the last century in many regions of the world. Resulting changes in glacial runoff not only affect the hydrological cycle, but can also alter the physical (i.e., turbidity from glacial flour) and biogeochemical properties of downstream ecosystems. Here we compare nutrient concentrations, transparency gradients, algal biomass, and fossil diatom species richness in two sets of high-elevation lakes: those fed by snowpack melt alone (SF lakes) and those fed by both glacial and snowpack meltwaters (GSF lakes). We found that nitrate (NO 3 -) concentrations in the GSF lakes were 1-2 orders of magnitude higher than in SF lakes. Although nitrogen (N) limitation is common in alpine lakes, algal biomass was lower in highly N-enriched GSF lakes than in the N-poor SF lakes. Contrary to expectations, GSF lakes were more transparent than SF lakes to ultraviolet and equally transparent to photosynthetically active radiation. Sediment diatom assemblages had lower taxonomic richness in the GSF lakes, a feature that has persisted over the last century. Our results demonstrate that the presence of glaciers on alpine watersheds more strongly influences NO 3 -concentrations in high-elevation lake ecosystems than any other geomorphic or biogeographic characteristic. Melting Alpine Glaciers Enrich High-Elevation Lakes with Reactive Nitrogen

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melting Alpine Glaciers Enrich High-Elevation Lakes with Reactive Nitrogen

Saros

Rose

Clow

et al. 2010

Environ. Sci. Technol.

113

107

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“…Since their mid-19th century culmination, glaciers in Glacier National Park have shrunk drastically (Alden, 1914;Dyson, 1940Dyson, , 1948Dyson, , 1952Johnson, 1980;Carrara andMcGimsey, 1981, 1988;and Carrara, 1987). Field and airphoto inspection of moraines of the younger group indicate that during the mid-19th century there were more than 150 glaciers in Glacier National Park.…”

Section: Glacial Fluctuations Since the Mid-19th Century In Glacier Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late quaternary glacial and vegetative history of the Glacier National Park region, Montana

Carrara¹

1989

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Contents V Glaciers in Glacier National Park during the early to middle Holocene warm period 44 Moraines of the younger group 45 Location and description 45 Age 45 Climatic implications of the younger moraines 45 Glacial fluctuations since the mid-19th century in Glacier National Park 46 Conclusions 49 Deglaciation 49 Revegetation 53 Moraines of the older group 54 Moraines of the younger group 54 Glacial fluctuations since the mid-19th century 55 References cited 55 Appendix A. Preparation and analysis of ashes by X-ray fluorescence 60 Collecting and processing of ash samples 60 Comparison of X-ray fluorescence data with electron-microprobe data 60 Mazama ash 60 Glacier Peak B and G ashes 61 Mount St. Helens J ashes 63 18. Map of Lower St. Mary Lake area 35 19. Stratigraphic section at Chewing Blackbones bog 36 20. Map of Kootenai Lakes area 36 21. Diagram showing stratigraphy of Mount Cleveland bog, holes #1 and #4 38 22. Photograph of Sperry Glacier area showing moraines of both the older and younger groups 41 23. Longitudinal profile of Agassiz Glacier area showing results of tree-ring studies 42 24. Longitudinal profile of Jackson Glacier area showing results of tree-ring studies 43 25. Map of mid-19th century Blackfoot Glacier showing disintegration of this glacier into the present-day Blackfoot and Jackson Glaciers 47 26. Graphs of climatic data, Kalispell, Montana 48 27. Map of former Logan and Red Eagle glacier areas showing moraines of both the older and younger groups, and Mazama ash sites 49 28. Photograph of former Red Eagle glacier area showing moraines of both the older and younger groups 50 29. Photograph of Agassiz Glacier area, showing mid-19th century extent and remnant snowfield 51 30. Map of Sperry Glacier area, showing glacier shrinkage, moraines of the older and younger groups, and Mazama ash sites 52 31. Photograph of Jackson Glacier area showing mid-19th century extent, and remnant glacier 53 TABLES 1. Climatic data from stations in the Glacier National Park region 6 2. Major-element values of glass in the Mazama ash from bogs in the Glacier National Park region 15 3. Major-element values of glass in the Mazama ash from soils in the Glacier National Park region 16 4. Major-element values of glass in the Glacier Peak G ash from bogs and exposures in the Glacier National park region 17 5. Major-element values of glass in the Mount St. Helens Jy ash from the Glacier National park region 18 6. Radiocarbon age determinations from the Glacier National Park region 21 7. Major-element values of glass in the Mazama ash, as reported by various investigators 61 8. Major-element values of glass in the Glacier Peak B ash from the Trinity Mine, Washington, as reported by various investigators 62 9. Major-element values of glass in the Glacier Peak Gash from the Trinity Mine, Washington, as reported by various investigators 62 10. Major-element values of glass in the Glacier Peak G ash from Sun River Canyon, Montana, as reported by various investigators 63 11. Major-element values of glass in the Mount S...

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“…Park Naturalist WALKER adds to his report complete tables of recession for all of the prin cipal glaciers in the Park from the time that measurements were begun. Following totals are taken from these tables: It seems appropriate to supplement the foregoing data with certain estimates of long-time shrinkage by Dr. JAMES L. DYSON [13]. These estimates are based on comparisons of the de tailed maps of the Grinnell, Sperry, and Jackson glaciers which he made for the National Park Service in 1937, 1938, and 1939, respectively, with the topographic maps of the Chief Mountain and Kintla quadrangles, which were made by the United States Geological Survey in 1900-1904, and with photographs taken in different years.…”

Section: Glaciers Of Glacier National Park Montanamentioning

confidence: 99%

Report of Committee on Glaciers, 1941–42

Matthes

1942

Eos Trans. AGU

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The membership of the Committee continues unchanged. It is as follows: HARRY FIELDING REID, Professor Emeritus of Geology, Johns Hopkins University, 608 Cathedral Street, Baltimore, Maryland; WILLIAM H. HOBBS, Professor Emeritus of Geology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; LAWRENCE MARTIN, Chief, Division of Maps, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.; J. E. CHURCH, Professor of Meteorology, Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada; WILLIAM O. FIELD, Jr., Explorer, 18 West Twelfth Street, New York City; OLIVER KEHRLEIN, Chairman, Committee on Glacier Studies, Sierra Club, 1050 Mills Tower, 220 Bush Street, San Francisco, California; KENNETH N. PHILLIPS, Associate Hydraulic Engineer, Water Resources Branch, Geological Survey, Chairman, Research Committee of the Mazamas, 606 Post‐Office Building, Portland, Oregon; WILLIAM S. COOPER, Professor of Botany* University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota; GERALD FITZGERALD, Senior Topographic Engineer, Alaska Branch, Geological Survey, Washington, D.C.; LAURENCE M. GOULD, Professor of Geology, Carleton College, Northfield, Minnesota; Dr. MAX H. DEMOREST, Department of Geology, Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut; FRANCOIS E. MATTHES (Chairman), Senior Geologist, Section of Glacial Geology, Geological Survey, Washington, D.C.

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Recent Glacier Recession in Glacier National Park, Montana

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Melting Alpine Glaciers Enrich High-Elevation Lakes with Reactive Nitrogen

Melting Alpine Glaciers Enrich High-Elevation Lakes with Reactive Nitrogen

Late quaternary glacial and vegetative history of the Glacier National Park region, Montana

Report of Committee on Glaciers, 1941–42

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