Recent progress in high‐performance capillary bioseparations

Abstract

Bioanalysis is a fast growing domain with new technological developments in the field of mass spectrometry, separation science, and bioinformatics. The central role of separation prior to detection and evaluation of analytes is indisputable. In fact, since the decipherment of the human genome via multichannel capillary electrophoresis in combination with laser-induced fluorescence [1], the analysis of the proteome, i.e., the type and amount of all proteins expressed at a certain time by the genome in a cell or tissue [2] became of central interest. Therefore, new fast and sensitive capillary liquid chromatographic, electrophoretic, and electrochromatographic separation techniques, suitable for high-throughput analysis of proteins, peptides and nucleic acids, are required.

Analysis of biologically active amines by CE

“…Although they are convenient and simple, sample pretreatment is usually required to reduce matrix interference. Many reviews dealing with new trends in CE and bioapplications of CE have been published in several journals such as Analytical Chemistry, Electrophoresis, and Journals of Chromatography A and B [61][62][63][64][65][66]. In this review, some advanced CE and MEKC techniques for the analyses of biogenic amines that are either of importance or for our own interest will be described in more detail.…”

Progress in capillary electrophoresis coupled to matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization – time of flight mass spectrometry

“…During the last decade, the preferred detection system for CE-MS of peptides and proteins has been ESI coupled with MS [1]. The use of ESI permits continuous sampling of the eluent and efficient production of molecular ions.…”

Electrophoresis in gel channels

“…According to Reynolds criterion, the flow in microchannels with a diameter of 200 mm is expected to be laminar up to velocities of 10 m/s. For this reason, CE can be performed both with and without polymeric gels [8][9][10]. Electrophoresis without supporting gels has been exploited to develop separation methods, where the gels are used as functional elements of electrokinetic separation methods [10].…”