Recent progress in non-fullerene small molecule acceptors in organic solar cells (OSCs)

Abstract

The power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of non-fullerene small molecule acceptors based on different donors have been compared and summarized.

An Alkylated Indacenodithieno[3,2‐b]thiophene‐Based Nonfullerene Acceptor with High Crystallinity Exhibiting Single Junction Solar Cell Efficiencies Greater than 13% with Low Voltage Losses

“…[1][2][3][4] A range of new NFAs with different building blocks and geometrical dimensions has been designed to boost the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of OSCs. Among the highest performing NFAs, linear rod-like acceptor-donor-acceptor (A-D-A) structures incorporating fused ladder-type aromatics have attracted much interest.…”

A Review of Organic Photovoltaic Energy Source and Its Technological Designs

“…Recently, the OPV technology has shown tremendous development [14], evolving from its primitive stage to a relatively reliable source of clean energy in terms of power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) [14]. As shown in Figure 2, literature [23][24][25] has continually shown increases in organic PV solar cell PCEs, with laboratory solar cell efficiency reaching 10% in 2012 [10] and recently increased to~11.2% [26] in OSCs with inverted device structures [27] and~12% in well-optimized OPV systems with nonfullerene acceptor materials [14,28], while more efforts are being explored to improve semiconducting polymeric materials [29][30][31][32][33][34], OPV devices [35], and inorganic-organic hybrid structures [36]. This has led to OSCs and other organic device systems that are integrated with portable devices already being tested [37,38].…”

“…For example, different OPV material tailoring approaches [14,[29][30][31][32][33][34] along with wide ranges of technological OSC designs and configurations have been established [100][101][102][103]. Undeniably, these efforts have led to extensive improvements of the characteristic performances of OPV material structures and PCEs of BHJ OSC devices and components [14,28,[92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101][102][103].…”

“…Besides experimentally engineered polymeric functional materials and corresponding investigations of OPV devices [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101][102][103][104], electrical models are also increasingly being developed to ascertain the dependency of OSC performances on their structural and material properties [17,99]. These models are developed generally based on one spatial dimensional solar cell electrical systems and concepts [17,[104][105][106][107][108][109].…”

Design and synthesis of low band gap non-fullerene acceptors for organic solar cells with impressively high Jsc over 21 mA cm_2

“…Recently, non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) have challenged the fullerene derivatives dominated positions owing to the easily tuned energy levels, broadened absorptions and facile synthesis process [9][10][11][12][13][14]. It is worthy to note that PCEs over 12% have been realized for the non-fullerene based OSCs, which opens a very promising avenue [15,16].…”