Recent progress in soliton transmission technology

Abstract

Recent progress on time-division multiplexed (TDM) and wavelength-division multiplexed (WDM) soliton transmission is described, in which dispersion management plays an important role in increasing the power margin and the dispersion tolerance. The characteristics of the dispersion-managed soliton are compared with those of return to zero and nonreturn to zero pulses. With a small dispersion swing, the system can still be described as an average soliton using the nonlinear Schrodinger equation, while with a large dispersion swing, the solitonlike steady-state pulse becomes a chirped Gaussian pulse, in which the governing equation is closer to a linear Schrodinger equation with a parabolic potential well. We describe an in-line modulation scheme for up to 80 Gbit/s per channel and its two channel WDM transmission over 10 000 km. Finally, we describe 640 Gbit/s (40 Gbit/sx16 channels) WDM soliton transmission over 1000 km with a dispersion-managed single-mode fiber. (c) 2000 American Institute of Physics.

Optical Information Capacity Processing

“…Equation (11.39) is important for systems with low signal to noise ratio or for systems employing nonlinearity compensation (such that l is small) [32,117], and, as originally suggested in [2], signal depletion should be taken into account by subtracting lS 3 from the numerator of (11.39). It has been shown to have limitations for coded transmission [118] and for QPSK with low accumulated dispersion [108,119], which may correspond to a dominance of nonlinear phase noise.…”

“…The regeneration is based on the constructive use of nonlinear signal transformations which result in noise squeezing. A number of promising all-optical regenerators have been reported recently, falling into the class of nonlinear transformations based regenerators: black-box WDM [137], 4-phase-shift keying (PSK) [117,[138][139][140][141][142], multilevel modulation formats 6-PSK [50], 8-PSK [143], and 16-quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) [144], which prove the possibility to remove noise from both quadratures of the signal. Another important feature of regeneration is cascadability, as being placed in cascades along the line regeneration enables accumulation of noise squeezing effect and, as a result, improves a received signal.…”

Applications of a Generalized Extended (G'/G) -Expansion Method to Find Exact Solutions of Two Nonlinear Schrödinger Equations with Variable Coefficients

“…During the past decades, investigations on the optical ber communications have become more and more attractive [1], in which the optical solitons have their potential applications in optical ber transmission systems [2,3]. As we all know, solitonic structures are seen in many elds of sciences and engineering [4,5], among which an optical soliton exists in a ber on the basis of the exact balance between the group velocity dispersion (GVD) and the self-phase modulation (SPM).…”

Bright chirp-free and chirped nonautonomous solitons under dispersion and nonlinearity management

“…One is to compensate for the fiber loss by optical gain via Raman amplification [5]. The other is to use dispersion management and nonlinearity management, which have been investigated in recent years [6] and [7]. When the two techniques are performed, the dynamics of optical pulse propagation will be governed by inhomogeneous nonlinear Schrödinger equation (INLSE) i ∂U ∂Z…”