Recent Results of Biodegradability and Toxicology Studies of Water-Glycol Hydraulic Fluids

Totten, George E.; Cerf, Jean; Bishop, R.J.; Webster, G. M.

doi:10.4271/972744

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Comparing the results of the experiment with the acute toxicity rating scale provided by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) and the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) revealed that p-TSA is categorized as a practically nontoxic compound to aquatic organisms, especially fish [ 50 , 51 , 52 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity Assessment of an Anti-Cancer Drug of p-Toluene Sulfonamide in Zebrafish Larvae Based on Cardiovascular and Locomotion Activities

et al. 2022

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p-toluene sulfonamide (p-TSA), a small molecular drug with antineoplastic activity is widely gaining interest from researchers because of its pharmacological activities. In this study, we explored the potential cardio and neural toxicity of p-TSA in sublethal concentrations by using zebrafish as an in vivo animal model. Based on the acute toxicity assay, the 96hr LC50 was estimated as 204.3 ppm, suggesting the overall toxicity of p-TSA is relatively low in zebrafish larvae. For the cardiotoxicity test, we found that p-TSA caused only a minor alteration in treated larvae after no overall significant alterations were observed in cardiac rhythm and cardiac physiology parameters, as supported by the results from expression level measurements of several cardiac development marker genes. On the other hand, we found that acute p-TSA exposure significantly increased the larval locomotion activity during the photomotor test while prolonged exposure (4 days) reduced the locomotor startle reflex activities in zebrafish. In addition, a higher respiratory rate and blood flow velocity was also observed in the acutely treated fish groups compared to the untreated group. Finally, by molecular docking, we found that p-TSA has a moderate binding affinity to skeletal muscle myosin II subfragment 1 (S1), ATPase activity, actin- and Ca2+-stimulated myosin S1 ATPase, and v-type proton ATPase. These binding interactions between p-TSA and proteins offer insights into the potential molecular mechanism of action of p-TSA on observed altered responses toward photo and vibration stimuli and minor altered vascular performance in the zebrafish larvae.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity Assessment of an Anti-Cancer Drug of p-Toluene Sulfonamide in Zebrafish Larvae Based on Cardiovascular and Locomotion Activities

et al. 2022

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“…This has led to rapid progress in the development and use of water-based hydraulic fluids in recent years. Among these, water-glycol hydraulic fluid is widely used because it is highly non-flammable, environmentally friendly, and relatively inexpensive, and it has a low pour point and high stability [3,4]. However, its poor lubricating property and poor antirust and anticorrosion performances, due to its significant amount of water, have greatly hindered its practical applications in various fields.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A High-Performance Multifunctional Lubricant Additive for Water–Glycol Hydraulic Fluid

Wang

et al. 2011

Tribol Lett

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A water-soluble boron (B)-containing thiophosphite derivative (BTP) was synthesized, and its tribological, anticorrosion, and antirust properties as an additive for the base liquid of water-glycol hydraulic fluid were evaluated in detail. The results of tests demonstrated that BTP is indeed a high-performance and multifunctional water-soluble lubricant additive that was able to remarkably improve the extreme pressure, friction-reducing, antiwear, anticorrosion, and rust-inhibiting properties of the base liquid when added at a low adding concentration (\3 wt%). Based on a performance comparison of BTP and thiophosphite (TP), whose chemical structure is similar to that of BTP but without B, a number of primary conclusions were drawn. The B element existing as alkanolamine borate group could greatly improve the extreme pressure, antiwear, and antirust performance of BTP, especially the antirust performance, but had only a small effect on the frictionreducing and anticorrosion properties. Based on characterizations and analyses of the worn surfaces, we propose that the antiwear mechanism consists of the prepared compound BTP reacting with the steel surface during the friction process to generate a protective film mainly composed of phosphate, sulfide, sulfate, organic amine, and B 2 O 3 .

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“…They have therefore been widely used as fire-resistant hydraulic fluids and metalworking fluids in industry. [1][2][3][4] However, most of the commonly available water-based lubricants, such as water-glycol hydraulic fluid, W/O (water in oil) emulsion, and synthetic cutting fluid, have poor extreme-pressure and anti-wear properties, which seriously limit their uses. [5][6][7][8] For example, in the processes of metal heavy cutting, like broaching and gear hobbing, water-based lubricants cannot be satisfactorily applied and mineral oils-based cutting fluids are still preferred because of their excellent lubricity, even though they create some severe problems, including misting, fire hazard and environment pollution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compared with petroleum oils, water‐based lubricants have certain advantages, such as incombustibility, excellent cooling ability, environmental compatibility and low cost. They have therefore been widely used as fire‐resistant hydraulic fluids and metalworking fluids in industry . However, most of the commonly available water‐based lubricants, such as water–glycol hydraulic fluid, W/O (water in oil) emulsion, and synthetic cutting fluid, have poor extreme‐pressure and anti‐wear properties, which seriously limit their uses .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tribological performance of poly(sodium 4‐styrenesulphonate) as additive in water–glycol hydraulic fluid

Wang

et al. 2012

Lubrication Science

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The tribological behaviour of poly(sodium 4-styrenesulphonate) (PSS) as additive in the base fluid of waterglycol hydraulic fluid was evaluated with four-ball machine and Optimol SRV-IV (Optimol Instruments, Munich, Germany) oscillating friction and wear tester, and its viscosity-enhancing performance was also investigated. The results show that PSS exhibits excellent friction-reducing and anti-wear properties in the base fluid and can significantly improve the latter's welding load and viscosity. The worn surfaces were characterised by scanning electron microscope and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The analytical results of typical elements on the worn surfaces demonstrate that PSS molecules adsorb on the rubbing surface and form a stable chemically absorbed film through the interactions between the sulphonate anions and surface metallic atoms during the sliding process, which contributed to improve the tribological properties of the base fluid.

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Recent Results of Biodegradability and Toxicology Studies of Water-Glycol Hydraulic Fluids

Cited by 11 publications

References 19 publications

Toxicity Assessment of an Anti-Cancer Drug of p-Toluene Sulfonamide in Zebrafish Larvae Based on Cardiovascular and Locomotion Activities

Toxicity Assessment of an Anti-Cancer Drug of p-Toluene Sulfonamide in Zebrafish Larvae Based on Cardiovascular and Locomotion Activities

A High-Performance Multifunctional Lubricant Additive for Water–Glycol Hydraulic Fluid

Tribological performance of poly(sodium 4‐styrenesulphonate) as additive in water–glycol hydraulic fluid

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