Recent trends in classical light scattering from polymer solutions

Huglin, Malcolm B.

doi:10.1351/pac197749070929

Cited by 28 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 50 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Any refractive index difference, Δn, between the two solutions contributes to the optical path length so that: ΔY = Δnl/λ, where l is the optical path length and λ is the wavelength of the light source (Richards and Schachman, 1959;Yphantis, 1964). For a non-dialyzable solution component, the refractive index difference is proportional to the refractive index increment: Δn = c(dn/dc) and the extinction coefficient e is replaced by (6) For proteins, dn/dc is relatively independent of composition with an average value of 0.186 ml/g (Huglin, 1972). For the XLA λ = ~670 nm and the sample pathlength is 1.2 cm, so that a 1 mg/ml sample results in a fringe displacement of ~3.25 fringes (Laue, 1996).…”

Section: B Interferencementioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical Ultracentrifugation: Sedimentation Velocity and Sedimentation Equilibrium

Cole

Lary

Moody

et al. 2008

Methods in Cell Biology

374

274

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Analytical ultracentrifugation (AUC) is a versatile and powerful method for the quantitative analysis of macromolecules in solution. AUC has broad applications for the study of biomacromolecules in a wide range of solvents and over a wide range of solute concentrations. Three optical systems are available for the analytical ultracentrifuge (absorbance, interference and fluorescence) that permit precise and selective observation of sedimentation in real time. In particular, the fluorescence system provides a new way to extend the scope of AUC to probe the behavior of biological molecules in complex mixtures and at high solute concentrations. In sedimentation velocity, the movement of solutes in high centrifugal fields is interpreted using hydrodynamic theory to define the size, shape and interactions of macromolecules. Sedimentation equilibrium is a thermodynamic method where equilibrium concentration gradients at lower centrifugal fields are analyzed to define molecule mass, assembly stoichiometry, association constants and solution nonideality. Using specialized sample cells and modern analysis software, researchers can use sedimentation velocity to determine the homogeneity of a sample and define whether it undergoes concentration-dependent association reactions. Subsequently, more thorough model-dependent analysis of velocity and equilibrium experiments can provide a detailed picture of the nature of the species present in solution and their interactions.

show abstract

Section: B Interferencementioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical Ultracentrifugation: Sedimentation Velocity and Sedimentation Equilibrium

Cole

Lary

Moody

et al. 2008

Methods in Cell Biology

374

274

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The angular dependence of scattering was determined at 10Њ intervals between 30Њ and 150Њ. A value of 0.146 ml/g was employed as the refrective index increment, dn/dc (Pascall & Foster, 1952;Huglin, 1972) for amylose and a value of 0.142 ml/g was employed for amylopectin (French, 1984). The actual concentration for all the samples was determined using the phenol-sulphuric acid assay (Dubois et al, 1956).…”

Section: Light Scatteringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physico-chemical characterisation of sago starch

Ahmad

Williams

Doublier³

et al. 1999

Carbohydrate Polymers

211

119

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The physico-chemical characteristics of various sago starch samples from South East Asia were determined and compared to starches from other sources. X-ray diffraction studies showed that all the sago starches exhibited a C-type diffraction pattern. Scanning electron microscopy showed that they consist of oval granules with an average diameter around 30 mm. Proximate composition studies showed that the moisture content in the sago samples varied between 10.6% and 20.0%, ash between 0.06% and 0.43%, crude fat between 0.10% and 0.13%, fiber between 0.26% and 0.32% and crude protein between 0.19% and 0.25%. The amylose content varied between 24% and 31%. The percentage of amylose obtained by colourimetric determination agreed well with the values obtained by fractionation procedures and potentiometric titration. Intrinsic viscosities and weight average molecular weight were determined in 1M KOH. Intrinsic viscosity for amylose from sago starches varied between 310 and 460 ml/g while for amylopectin the values varied between 210 and 250 ml/g. The molecular weight for amylose was found to be in the range of 1.41 × 10 6 to 2.23 × 10 6 while for amylopectin it was in the range of 6.70 × 10 6 to 9.23 × 10 6 . The gelatinisation temperature for the sago starches studied varied between 69.4ЊC and 70.1ЊC. The exponent 'a' in the Mark-Houwink equation and the exponent 'a ' in the equation R g kM a was found to be 0.80 and 0.58, respectively for amylose separated from sago starch and these are indicative of a random coil conformation. Two types of pasting properties were observed. The first was characterised by a maximum consistency immediately followed by sharp decrease in consistency while the second type was characterised by a plateau when the maximum consistency was reached. ᭧

show abstract

“…The normalization of the detectors in the different aqueous solutions was performed with low molecular weight, standard samples of poly(ethylene oxide) and dextran. This detector simultaneously measures the excess Rayleigh ratio at different angles (thirteen different angle values, ranging from 21 to 159 degrees were used) and allows calculating the molecular weight, M , and the mean square radius of gyration, <s 2 >, for each slice across a sample peak of the size exclusion chromatogram according to the basic equation [6,41] …”

Section: Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between solution and gel properties of copolymers of acrylamide and diallyldimethylammonium chloride

2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Several copolymers formed by acrylamide and diallyldimethyl ammonium chloride containing different fractions of charged diallyl residues, x, were synthesized. Solution properties of linear samples of these copolymers were studied by size exclusion chromatography coupled to differential refractive index and light scattering detectors, which allowed the determination of molecular weight averages, molecular dimensions, scaling law coefficients, and unperturbed dimensions. The results were compared with those of the corresponding homopolymers i.e., polyacrylamide and poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride). On the other hand, crosslinked samples of the copolymers were prepared and their swelling in water was studied. The correlation between the solution properties of the linear samples and the swelling behaviour of their crosslinked counterparts can be illustrated through the relationship between the characteristic ratio of the unperturbed dimensions and the equilibrium degree of swelling since both magnitudes exhibit a similar dependence on x. Moreover, this dependence is not linear and it passes through a maximum at ca. x ≈ 0.5.

show abstract

Recent trends in classical light scattering from polymer solutions

Cited by 28 publications

References 50 publications

Analytical Ultracentrifugation: Sedimentation Velocity and Sedimentation Equilibrium

Analytical Ultracentrifugation: Sedimentation Velocity and Sedimentation Equilibrium

Physico-chemical characterisation of sago starch

Correlation between solution and gel properties of copolymers of acrylamide and diallyldimethylammonium chloride

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About