Recent Trends in Medical Imaging Modalities and Challenges For Diagnosing Breast Cancer

Abstract

Breast cancer is the leading deadly cancer and most commonly diagnosed in women. New technologies in supplement to existing imaging modalities improve breast cancer screening. This article contributes to identify the high potential device that suggested high accuracy and reliable tool for breast screening and also to examine new screening modalities. An improved imaging system which ensures early detection, non-invasive and radiation free is expected in diagnosis. Numerous imaging modalities like positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging, ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), thermography, electrical impedance tomography and few others with recent developments show great potential for diagnosis. Some of the techniques aim for lesion detection and characterization with increased specificity and accuracy. In this paper, the capabilities of traditional and emerging breast imaging modalities used in breast cancer screening are summarized and their advantages and disadvantages are discussed.

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“…Each imaging modality presents unique advantages and challenges in clinical practice. X-rays are extensively utilized for their accessibility and capacity to detect conditions such as pneumonia by visualizing areas of heightened lung density caused by fluid or inflammation [ 29 ]. CT scans provide detailed images and are instrumental in diagnosing complex conditions.…”

“…Challenges in medical imaging modalities encompass managing large-scale datasets efficiently, ensuring reliable data interrogation from multiple sources, and optimizing deep learning models for precise diagnoses across diverse populations [ 30 ]. Incorporating machine learning techniques such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs) has significantly enhanced the speed and accuracy of diagnoses by automatically classifying imaging data based on computed parameters [ 29 ]. Additionally, emerging technologies such as thermography and electrical impedance tomography (EIT) provide non-invasive and radiation-free alternatives for early detection and risk assessment in conditions such as breast cancer [ 31 ].…”

Deep Learning in Different Ultrasound Methods for Breast Cancer, from Diagnosis to Prognosis: Current Trends, Challenges, and an Analysis

“…Ultrasound technology, which has been advancing, includes various methods such as color Doppler, power Doppler, contrast-enhanced US, 3D ultrasound, automated breast ultrasound (ABUS), and elastography. These methods have been increasing the sensitivity and specificity of conventional US to a maximum level [ 20 , 21 ].…”

“… Various imaging modalities used for breast mass management, with ultrasound showing the highest sensitivity [ 20 , 21 ]. …”

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“…Comprehensive research concerning the medical imaging modalities for diagnosing breast cancer [46] suggests that thermography is a superior imaging modality for dense breast tissues and their early detection. This finding is supported by previous research [47] which indicated that thermography could be correct from 8-10 years before mammography can detect a mass.…”