Receptors for oxidized low density lipoprotein

Steinbrecher, U P

doi:10.1016/s0005-2760(98)00127-1

Cited by 197 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 164 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

128

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Interestingly, expression in hemocytes has also been reported for the Drosophila CD36-like scavenger receptor encoded by the gene croquemort (27) and is characteristic for mammalian class B scavenger receptor counterparts like CD36 (24). By Northern blot, we then determined the postembryonic ninaD expression and compared it to the carotenoid contents from the different developmental stages (Fig.…”

Section: Rescue Of Ninad P245 Flies By P Element-mediated Transformatmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…The deduced amino acid sequence of CG5750 shares significant sequence similarity to the mammalian class B scavenger receptors CD36 and SR-BI (22). SR-BI mediates bidirectional flux of cholesterol from lipoproteins (high and low density lipoproteins) to target cells in mammals (23,24). Because carotenoids are isoprenoids like cholesterol, known to be transported in insects by lipophorins, which are structurally related to the mammalian lipoprotein classes (25), we wondered whether a mutation in this gene might be the cause for the blockade in carotenoid utilization of ninaD P245 flies.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A class B scavenger receptor mediates the cellular uptake of carotenoids in Drosophila

Kiefer

Sumser

Wernet

et al. 2002

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

242

191

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Most important, certain carotenoids are the precursors (provitamins) for the formation of vitamin A in animals. This vitamin is needed for vision in the entire animal kingdom. The visual pigments (rhodopsins) of animals are composed of a retinoid chromophore (vitamin A derivative) bound to a protein moiety (opsin) embedded in the photoreceptor membranes (3, 4). Light activation of the visual pigments triggers a G protein-coupled receptor cascade leading to changes in the permeability of the photoreceptor cell membranes. Besides being crucial for vision, in vertebrates vitamin A is also important in development and cellular differentiation processes. Here, the vitamin A derivative retinoic acid, together with its nuclear receptors, is involved in the regulation of diverse target genes; consequently, complete vitamin A deficiency leads to early embryonic death (5).To become biologically active, dietary carotenoids must first be absorbed, then delivered to the site of action in the body and, in the case of provitamin A function, metabolically converted. Despite the general importance of carotenoids in animals, their metabolism is still poorly understood (6). Invertebrates like Drosophila represent excellent models for the genetic dissection of the pathway leading from dietary carotenoids to vitamin A. Here, this vitamin is only needed for vision; therefore, its deficiency has no fatal consequences. Among the various Drosophila mutants affected in their visual performance (4), the two mutants ninaB and ninaD lack the visual chromophore of the fly, 3-hydroxyretinal, when raised on standard media with carotenoids as the sole source for vitamin A formation (7). By analyzing the molecular basis of the blindness of ninaB mutants, we already showed that the phenotype is caused by mutations in a gene coding a carotene-15,15Ј-oxygenase and molecularly identified the key enzyme for carotenoid conversion to vitamin A in animals (8, 9). By sequence identity, orthologs to this insect gene were cloned from several vertebrate species including man, showing that the enzymes catalyzing vitamin A formation are evolutionarily well conserved (10-13). In Drosophila, mRNA expression of ninaB was exclusively found in the head, in agreement with retinoids being restricted in their distribution to the eyes (8,14). In vertebrates (with vitamin A needed also for cellular differentiation processes), the vitamin A-forming enzyme is expressed in a variety of different tissues including reproductive tissues and the eyes (10, 12, 13). After dietary absorption, carotenoids must be distributed to these tissues to be converted to vitamin A.In the second chromophore-less Drosophila mutant, ninaD, the carotenoid content was shown to be specifically and significantly altered compared with wild-type (wt) flies and was ineffective at mediating visual pigment synthesis (14). This phenotype is presumably caused by a defect in the body distribution of dietary carotenoids and makes the ninaD gene an interesting candidate for a molecular player necessary for ...

show abstract

Section: Rescue Of Ninad P245 Flies By P Element-mediated Transformatmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A class B scavenger receptor mediates the cellular uptake of carotenoids in Drosophila

Kiefer

Sumser

Wernet

et al. 2002

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

242

191

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Therefore, they occupy a distinct microenvironment relative to lipid-laden foam cell macrophages. In the plaque's necrotic core, oxidized LDL (oxLDL) is bound to scavenger receptors including CD36, SR-A/B, and LOX-1 on macrophages (163 (162). However, when HO-1-deficient macrophages are treated with oxLDL, generation of ROS is amplified and secretion of pro-inflammatory IL-6, MCP-1, and the IL-8 homologue, KC is increased (128).…”

Section: Ho-1 and Atheroprotective Macrophagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Mononuclear Phagocyte System in Homeostasis and Disease: A Role for Heme Oxygenase-1

Hull

Agarwal

George

2014

Antioxidants & Redox Signaling

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Significance: Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a potential therapeutic target in many diseases, especially those mediated by oxidative stress and inflammation. HO-1 expression appears to regulate the homeostatic activity and distribution of mononuclear phagocytes ( MP) in lymphoid tissue under physiological conditions. It also regulates the ability of MP to modulate the inflammatory response to tissue injury. Recent Advances: The induction of HO-1 within MP-particularly macrophages and dendritic cells-modulates the effector functions that they acquire after activation. These effector functions include cytokine production, surface receptor expression, maturation state, and polarization toward a pro-or anti-inflammatory phenotype. The importance of HO-1 in MP is emphasized by their expression of specific receptors that primarily function to ingest heme-containing substrate and deliver it to HO-1. Critical Issues: MP are the first immunological responders to tissue damage. They critically affect the outcome of injury to many organ systems, yet few therapies are currently available to specifically target MP during disease pathogenesis. Elucidation of the role of HO-1 expression in MP may help to direct broadly applicable therapies to clinical use that are based on the immunomodulatory capabilities of HO-1. Future Directions: Unraveling the complexities of HO-1 expression specifically within MP will more completely define how HO-1 provides cytoprotection in vivo. The use of models in which HO-1 expression is specifically modulated in bone marrow-derived cells will allow for a more complete characterization of its immunoregulatory properties.

show abstract

“…The uptake of ox-LDL by macrophages and smooth muscle cells can be mediated by a variety of scavenger receptors, including SR-AI/II, CD36, and SR-BI (Steinbrecher 1999). However, these classical scavenger receptors are either absent or found at very low levels on endothelial cells (Mehta 2004).…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lectin‐like Oxidized Low‐density Lipoprotein Receptor‐1, a New Promising Target for the Therapy of Atherosclerosis?

Chen

Zhang

2007

Cardiovascular Drug Reviews

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Endothelial activation and dysfunction induced by oxidized modified low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) is one of the key steps in the initiation of atherosclerosis. Recent studies have shown that a new lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1) mediates the recognition and internalization of ox-LDL. LOX-1 is the main receptor for ox-LDL and may play an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertension, diabetes, and, especially, of atherosclerosis. The potential role of LOX-1 in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis includes: endocytosis of ox-LDL, expression co-location with atherosclerosis enhanced by atherosclerosis-related risk factors, elevated LOX-1 protein in cardiovascular disease, effects related to atherosclerosis and eliminated by antiatherosclerotic drugs. Identification and regulation of LOX-1 and understanding its signal transduction pathways might improve our insight toward the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and provide a selective treatment approach. LOX-1 might be a potential and promising target for the development of novel antiatherosclerotic drugs. However, due to limited knowledge about LOX-1, there are still many questions to be answered.

show abstract

Receptors for oxidized low density lipoprotein

Cited by 197 publications

References 164 publications

A class B scavenger receptor mediates the cellular uptake of carotenoids in Drosophila

A class B scavenger receptor mediates the cellular uptake of carotenoids in Drosophila

The Mononuclear Phagocyte System in Homeostasis and Disease: A Role for Heme Oxygenase-1

Lectin‐like Oxidized Low‐density Lipoprotein Receptor‐1, a New Promising Target for the Therapy of Atherosclerosis?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About