Rechargeable Li-S Battery with Specific Energy 350 Wh/kg and Specific Power 3000 W/kg.

Abstract

Rate capability improvements of Li-S cells are reported. The main goal of this work, to achieve the maximum high power benefit from the liquid polysulfide cathode system, was realized. Higher rate capability has been achieved through reduction of the electrode stack Area Specific Resistance (ASR) to below 10 Ohm*cm2, contact design improvements, and better current distribution uniformity along the electrodes and current collectors. Maximal specific power delivered by 2.5 Ah cells at 30 A pulses was 3500 W/kg. At a continuous discharge, with specific power at ~1500 W/kg, the 2.5 Ah cells delivered specific energy in excess of 200 Wh/kg.

High Energy Rechargeable Li-S Cells for EV Application: Status, Remaining Problems and Solutions

“…Battery packs comprised of Sion's baseline Li-S cells substantially increased the flight durations of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) (2). With optimized cell designs, specific power exceeding 1500 W/kg, at continuous discharge, and over 3000 W/kg, for 10 seconds high current pulses, have been realized (3). Table 1 compares Sion's baseline 2.8 Ah cell to USABC long term goals for EV application.…”

Structure–Property Relationships of Organic Electrolytes and Their Effects on Li/S Battery Performance

“…Mikhaylik et al [68] studied the utilization of sulfur in etherbased electrolytes for Li/S batteries. They specifically focused on DOL, DME, and an equimolar mixture of DOL and DME.…”

“…DOL, which has a lower dipole moment due to the presence of two oxygen atoms with opposite dipole moment directions, has lower polysulfide solubility and slower kinetics than DME, but generates a more stable SEI on the anode (lithium) surface, which reduces the shuttle problem and affords high capacity retention (Figure 7). On the other hand, DME, which is a linear molecule with a higher dipole moment than DOL, shows higher reactivity toward lithium but exhibits higher polysulfide solubility and faster kinetics, which improve the cathode operation, [68] and thus DME-based batteries feature high initial capacity but lower capacity retention. Figure 7 also shows that the mixture of these two electrolyte solvents (1:1 by volume) exhibits a synergistic effect related to the discharge capacity and cycle life.…”