Recidivism by Conviction Offense Type and Release Status Among Prisoners Released in Iowa

Abstract

Recidivism rates vary by conviction offense type and release status. Less is understood regarding associations of conviction offense type and release status on the specific recidivism outcomes of overall recidivism, new recidivism, and technical recidivism. This study examined associations of overall recidivism, new recidivism, and technical recidivism over a 3-year period among individuals released from the Iowa Department of Corrections from 2010 to 2014 ( N = 18,947). Recidivism was operationalized as reincarceration in this study. Drug offenders were the largest group released to supervised parole, and the highest proportion of offenders reincarcerated were drug offenders. Those released without supervision had lower odds of overall recidivism. Findings demonstrate that associations of recidivism outcomes vary based on recidivism operationalization, conviction offense type, and release status.

Emerging challenges to prisoners vaccination of covid-19: Historical, legal and humanitarian view

“…World Health Organization defines health as a “state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.” 14 Moore and Eikenberry 25 reported the negative impacts of Solitary imprisonment on individuals’ health. The negative impact of various diseases on the prisoners’ mental, physical, and social health has been reported by researchers and practitioners in history.…”

“…As emphasized in the WHO Interim Guidance on COVID-19, “people deprived of their Liberty, such as people in prisons, are likely to be more vulnerable to various diseases and conditions. 25 The very fact of being deprived of Liberty generally implies that people in prisons and other places of detention live in close proximity with one another, which is likely to result in a heightened risk of person-to-person and droplet transmission of pathogens like COVID-19.” 57 Thus, there is a dire need to take care of prisoners and provide them with basic priority health facilities available to the common people. In the current study, the authors tried to engage human rights and related principles to identify the prevailing laws and regulations regarding prisoners’ health requirements and how they can be made more equitable, sustainable, and effective.…”

The Facilitators and Barriers Faced When Transitioning Back into the Community Following a Prison Sentence

“…Substance use problems have been identified as one of the challenges and barriers to community reintegration among ex-offenders (Richie, 2001). Studies showed a high proportion of re-incarcerated offenders is related to their inability to refrain from substance use (Håkansson & Berglund, 2012;Moore & Eikenberry, 2020). However, a study examining community reintegration experiences of male ex-offenders on parole revealed that only about 10% of the participants reported drugs and/or alcohol as an issue at 3-months post-release from prison (Garland et al, 2011).…”

Administrative oversight: improving compliance practices

“…With that in mind, criminal executive law and criminology experts point to the need to develop and implement a mechanism that would allow for effective supervision of persons who have served a criminal sentence imposed by the court in prison and released from them [5][6][7]. A similar judgment is made by foreign researchers [8][9][10]. Such supervision should contribute to the prevention of crimes among persons who have served a criminal sentence in correctional institutions and have an increased public danger, and to reduce possible relapse in general.…”