Recommendations of the Polish Society of Sports Medicine on age criteria while qualifying children and youth for participation in various sports

Kostka, Tomasz; Furgał, Witold; Gawroński, Wojciech; Bugajski, Andrzej; Czamara, Andrzej; Klukowski, Krzysztof; Krysztofiak, Hubert; Lewicki, Romuald; Szyguła, Zbigniew; Tomaszewski, Wiesław; Trzaska, Tadeusz; Widuchowski, Jerzy; Ziemba, Andrzej; Jegier, Anna

doi:10.1136/bjsports-2011-090043

Cited by 13 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 37 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…14 months, 6 years, 7-15 years) 15,19,22 . In contemporary opinion of doctors, minimal age for participation in karate should be older than 14 years 40 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Injuries in karate: A review

Sterkowicz¹,

Sterkowicz-Przybycień²

2013

OA Sports Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction Sport injuries usually limit training effects and often ruin athletes' careers. The goal of this study was to review the results obtained in the studies on injuries in karate athletes. Materials and methods A comprehensive search in the international databases of MEDLINE, Web of Science, SPORTdiscuss, Academic Search Premiere, Google Scholar was conducted. The study was based on 20 studies from reviewed journals. The particular focus was on the data concerning injury rates. Relative injury risk was computed according to the following formula: injury rate in group 1/injury rate in group 2, where the 1st and 2nd groups represented two different levels in terms of gender, age, competitive level or changes in competitive rules. Types, location and injury patterns in different groups of karate athletes, investigated in both retrospective and prospective studies, were also analysed. Results The retrospective studies have documented serious injuries (chiefly fractures), whereas in the prospective studies, conducted exclusively during tournaments, minor injuries were usually recorded, among which contusions were predominant. The results of the majority of the prospective studies have demonstrated higher injury risk in men compared to women. Sports skill level and tournament rank were correlated with elevated risk of injury. Regardless of the study design, injuries were mostly recorded in the area of head, face and neck. Modifications of the fighting regulations reduced injury risk during championships. However, the risk decline was observed only for minor injuries. Conclusion It is important to investigate the factors that reduce injury risk in sport. In karate, injuries are impossible to be entirely eliminated as the impact that exceeds tissue mechanical strength has not been excluded as the main cause of severe injuries. Among children, formal exercise (kata) and prearranged sparring might represent a safe alternative for karate fights.

show abstract

“…14 months, 6 years, 7-15 years) 15,19,22 . In contemporary opinion of doctors, minimal age for participation in karate should be older than 14 years 40 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Injuries in karate: A review

Sterkowicz¹,

Sterkowicz-Przybycień²

2013

OA Sports Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[ 14 ] Regarding swimming, the sport is widely performed around the world and its practice is recommended for all age groups. [ 15 ] However, one systematic review analyzed the effect of swimming on bone mass, and was not able to conclude if swimming negatively affects or is neutral to BMD accrual. [ 16 ] In fact, swimming in "hypogravity" conditions has potential to decrease the bone formation because it decreases the time engaged in weight-bearing activities usually observed in the daily activities of adolescents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prolonged Practice of Swimming Is Negatively Related to Bone Mineral Density Gains in Adolescents

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundThe practice of swimming in "hypogravity" conditions has potential to decrease bone formation because it decreases the time engaged in weight-bearing activities usually observed in the daily activities of adolescents. Therefore, adolescents competing in national levels would be more exposed to these deleterious effects, because they are engaged in long routines of training during most part of the year. To analyze the effect of swimming on bone mineral density (BMD) gain among adolescents engaged in national level competitions during a 9-month period.MethodsFifty-five adolescents; the control group contained 29 adolescents and the swimming group was composed of 26 athletes. During the cohort study, BMD, body fat (BF) and fat free mass (FFM) were assessed using a dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scanner. Body weight was measured with an electronic scale, and height was assessed using a stadiometer.ResultsDuring the follow-up, swimmers presented higher gains in FFM (Control 2.35 kg vs. Swimming 5.14 kg; large effect size [eta-squared (ES-r)=0.168]) and BMD-Spine (Swimming 0.087 g/cm2 vs. Control 0.049 g/cm2; large effect size [ES-r=0.167]) compared to control group. Male swimmers gained more FFM (Male 10.63% vs. Female 3.39%) and BMD-Spine (Male 8.47% vs. Female 4.32%) than females. Longer participation in swimming negatively affected gains in upper limbs among males (r=-0.438 [-0.693 to -0.085]), and in spine among females (r=-0.651 [-0.908 to -0.036]).ConclusionsOver a 9-month follow-up, BMD and FFM gains were more evident in male swimmers, while longer engagement in swimming negatively affected BMD gains, independently of sex.

show abstract

“…They may have a hard time generalizing skills learned in one sport to another, and with changing their performance from "practice" to competitive game due to their concrete way of thinking (18,24). Children younger than 6 or 7 are often naturally farsighted, and this may lead to limited ability in tracking objects and judging speed of moving objects (29,47). They can orient their bodies in space and in relation to others and objects, and distinguish laterality (14,36).…”

Section: The Pre-school and Early School Yearsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Essential factors to consider for sports participation are physical growth, and neurodevelopmental readiness, where a child acquires necessary motor, physical, cognitive, social and adaptive abilities to meet the demands of a given sport (1,10,14,(22)(23)(24)(25)(26). This is largely influenced by biologic, physiologic, psychosocial, and environmental factors (10,12,24,26,(27)(28)(29). Apart from motor skills such as agility, strength and endurance, cognitive skills such as processing speed and cognitive flexibility enable the child/adolescent to coordinate actions necessary for sports participation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurodevelopmental readiness of children for participation in sports

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Many children participate in organized sports each year as a means of socialization, and physical skill building. Sports participation is dependent on physical growth, and neurodevelopmental readiness of the child. It is important to be aware of a child's level across the various streams of development and engage in specific strategies to optimize their ability at each age group. This article first outlines developmental skills across various age groups in childhood, and makes suggestions for such strategies.

show abstract

Recommendations of the Polish Society of Sports Medicine on age criteria while qualifying children and youth for participation in various sports

Cited by 13 publications

References 37 publications

Injuries in karate: A review

Injuries in karate: A review

Prolonged Practice of Swimming Is Negatively Related to Bone Mineral Density Gains in Adolescents

Neurodevelopmental readiness of children for participation in sports

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About