Recommendations on the use of echocardiography in adult hypertension: a report from the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI) and the American Society of Echocardiography (ASE)

SummaryBackgroundPatients with cirrhosis are at risk of developing cirrhotic cardiomyopathy. This syndrome is unique to cirrhosis and is generally defined as subnormal cardiac function in the absence of prior heart disease. There is no systematic or comprehensive review of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy to date.AimsTo comprehensively review the literature on the definition, pathogenic mechanisms, diagnostic criteria, prevalence, management and influence on liver transplantation including reversibility of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy.MethodsElectronic searches of the EMBASE, MEDLINE, EBM Reviews—Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, EBM Reviews—Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and Google Scholar databases were conducted. MeSH terms focused on cirrhosis, cardiomyopathy, medication classes and epidemiology. Literature up to August 2020 was reviewed.ResultsNew diagnostic criteria for the definition of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy have recently been published, consisting of systolic and diastolic dysfunction parameters as assessed by echocardiographic methods. The roles of electrocardiographic disturbances and biomarkers in the definition criteria remain unclear. Pathogenic mechanisms underlying cirrhotic cardiomyopathy are likely related to the inflammatory phenotype of cirrhosis. Prevalence rates of 26%‐81% in cirrhotic patients are reported. Several medical therapies have been proposed, but none with clear evidence of efficacy. The presence of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy complicates the liver transplantation process with a higher risk of adverse cardiovascular events post‐transplant. Complete reversibility of the syndrome after transplantation remains controversial but most studies suggest that it does not occur at least within the first post‐operative year.ConclusionsCirrhotic cardiomyopathy is a clinically relevant syndrome that affects morbidity and mortality in patients with cirrhosis.

show abstract

Review article: comprehensive analysis of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy

Chahal

Liu

Shamatutu

et al. 2021

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Structural and functional condition of the heart in patients with arterial hypertension depending on A1166C-gene polymorphism of angiotensin II type 1 and T786C-promoter of endothelial NO-synthase gene

Hnizdiukh

Shmanko

2023

Med. perspekt.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

It's known that pathological changes in structural and functional condition of the heart, which are caused by arterial hypertension, trigger development of chronic heart failure and disablement of population. Nowadays, it proven that candidate genes, expression products of which participate in regulating vascular tone, have considerable influence upon development of arterial hypertension, however their role in pathogenesis of arterial hypertension has not been fully clarified, and results of the respective researches significantly vary among different populations. To determine the structural and functional state of the heart in patients with hypertension depending on the polymorphism of the A1116C gene of the angiotensin II receptor type I and the T786C promoter of the endothelial NO-synthase gene we examined 86 patients, aged from 45 to 76 years. 30 people without signs of hypertension were in the control group. The structural and functional state of the heart was assessed by cardiac ultrasound according to standard methods. Studies of the A1166C allelic polymorphism of the angiotensin II receptor gene type 1 and the T786C promoter of the eNOS gene were performed by polymerase chain reaction with electrophoretic detection of results. Analysis of cardiac ultrasound showed, that in the patients – carriers of C-allele of both studied genes (AС+СС and TC+CC) left ventricular ejection fraction tended to decrease. We found a bigger thickness of the posterior wall of the left ventricle in patients with CC genotype compared to carriers of AA genotype A1166C – (1.3±0.07) cm vs. (1.1±0.05) cm (p<0.005). The mass of the left ventricular myocardium index in the group of patients with the genotype AC and CC was (157.5±7.3) g/m2 and (161.5±7.1)) g/m2, respectively, being by 16.7% and 19.6% more than in carriers of AA genotype of the AGTR1 gene. In the groups of patients-carriers of C-allele (TC+CC) of the eNOS gene the mass of the left ventricular myocardium index values were (155.2±11.4)) g/m2 and (158.4±7.9)) g/m2, respectively, which is by 5.4% and 7.5% more than in carriers of TT genotype. The mean size of the left atrium was significantly higher in patients who had AC and CC genotype of the AGTR1 gene, as well as TC and CC genotype of the eNOS gene compared with the control group. Carriers of C-allele (AC+CC genotype) of AGTR1 gene polymorphism had clearly bigger sizes of the left atrium, as compared to homozygotes by A-allele. The severity of diastolic dysfunction was higher in carriers of the CC genotype of the AGTR1 gene and the eNOS gene than in heterozygotes of the studied genes by 4.3% and 3.3%, respectively. The research shows that inheritance of CC genotype for A1166C polymorphism of the the angiotensin II type 1 receptor gene and of CC T786C polymorphism in the promoter of eNOS gene is associated with more noticeable changes in structural and functional heart condition among patients with arterial hypertension.

show abstract

Echocardiography Parameters in Patients With Stage 2 Arterial Hypertension Complicated by Chronic Kidney Disease

O.B.

K.S.

Korichkina

2022

Mediko-farmacevtičeskij žurnal "Pulʹs"

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. The purpose of the research is to explore patient’s echocardiography parameters with stage 2 arterial hypertension complicated by chronic kidney disease (CKD). Material and methods: the study involved 100 patients with stage 2 essential hypertension (46 men and 54 women with average age of 59.09±13.51 years). The first group included patients with arterial hypertension complicated by CKD (50 people). The control group consisted of patients with hypertension, in whom the course of hypertension was not complicated by CKD (50 people) - the 2nd group. In the first two days of hospitalization, blood pressure was measured, blood creatinine was assessed, GFR was calculated, the presence of microalbuminuria was assessed, the threshold of taste sensitivity to table salt (TSTSS) was determined, and a transthoracic echocardiographic study (Echo-CG) was performed. The data are presented in the form of M±SD with a normal distribution of the trait, Me±IQR with a description of the trait different from the normal distribution and a percentage ratio (%). To assess the statistical relationship between the indicators, Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (r) was calculated. Results. The study showed that in patients with hypertension complicated by CKD, there are higher blood pressure numbers, almost half of them have insufficient antihypertensive therapy. They have higher values of indicators characterizing the degree of LV hypertrophy and lower values of ejection fraction than in patients without CKD. A direct correlation was found between PS consumption and echocardiographic parameters characterizing LV size and its hypertrophy in AH patients with CKD. At the same time, these indicators were significantly higher in patients with high PHCPS compared to those with a low threshold. Conclusion. The data obtained from the results of ECHO-CG allow us to expand our understanding of the pathogenesis of AH, taking into account such complications as CKD, and can be used for timely correction of antihypertensive therapy, which will prevent the process of progression of AH staging, before the appearance of systemic complications of CKD, and, therefore, improve the prognosis of the disease.

show abstract

scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.

Contact Info

customersupport@researchsolutions.com

10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614

Henderson, NV 89052, USA

This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.

Blog Terms and Conditions API Terms Privacy Policy Contact Cookie Preferences Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information

Made with 💙 for researchers

Part of the Research Solutions Family.

Recommendations on the use of echocardiography in adult hypertension: a report from the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI) and the American Society of Echocardiography (ASE)

Cited by 3 publications

References 178 publications

Review article: comprehensive analysis of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy

Review article: comprehensive analysis of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy

Structural and functional condition of the heart in patients with arterial hypertension depending on A1166C-gene polymorphism of angiotensin II type 1 and T786C-promoter of endothelial NO-synthase gene

Echocardiography Parameters in Patients With Stage 2 Arterial Hypertension Complicated by Chronic Kidney Disease

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About