Reconstrucción de la cobertura de la vegetación y uso del suelo hacia 1550 y sus cambios a 2007 en la ecorregión de los bosques valdivianos lluviosos de Chile (35º - 43º 30´ S)

Lara, Antonio; Solari, María Eugenia; Prieto, María; Peña, María Paz

doi:10.4067/s0717-92002012000100002

Cited by 88 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…1% between 19931% between and 20071% between (CONAF, 2009). In general, temperate forest areas of South America have been rapidly decreasing (Lara et al, 2012). Consequently, increasing forest loss and fragmentation have been the most common trends reported for southern temperate forest landscapes (Echeverría et al, 2006;Altamirano and Lara, 2010;Nahuelhual, 2012, Miranda et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, we also observed the appearance of mixed forest (exotic with native) patches. According to Lara et al (2012), exotic tree plantations have been the second cause of native forest replacement in the La Araucanía Region. The 1974 Law Decree 701 established economic incentives to afforestation (Niklitschek, 2007), and after the implementation of this decree, exotic species have been extensively planted for pulp and wood production in south-central Chile.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although some forest remnants remain undisturbed, most stands have been replaced or are threatened by anthropogenic activities (Lara et al, 2012;Altamirano and Lara, 2010). In Chile, most landscape change studies have reported the fragmentation and loss of native temperate forest and an increase in exotic tree plantations (Echeverría et al, 2006(Echeverría et al, , 2012Altamirano and Lara, 2010;Nahuelhual, 2012, Miranda et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Valdivian Temperate Rainforest of southern South America is considered a Global Biodiversity Hotspot for conservation (Lara et al, 2012). Although some forest remnants remain undisturbed, most stands have been replaced or are threatened by anthropogenic activities (Lara et al, 2012;Altamirano and Lara, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental Evaluation of Sediment Yield in the First Year After Replacement of Pastures by Sugarcane

Youlton

Bragion²,

Wendland³

2016

Cienc. Inv. Agr.

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, we created land use/land cover maps. We then quantified the changes in composition and configuration by using landscape metrics and an adjacency matrix. By 2007, the dominant land cover had changed from agriculture to native vegetation. Residential areas showed the largest relative increase (670%) and had significant adjacency with native vegetation. The native vegetation increased by 375 ha, but the number of patches decreased by 45% and the mean patch area increased by 124%, which indicated that fragmentation decreased. The growth of tourism and the preference for "natural" spaces by new residents are suggested as the main drivers of this native vegetation recovery. Understanding the process of forest recovery may be helpful for reversing the general trend of forest loss in temperate forests of South America. This research is a first approach in exploring specific cases of native vegetation recovery and decreases in fragmentation in this Global Biodiversity Hotspot.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Experimental Evaluation of Sediment Yield in the First Year After Replacement of Pastures by Sugarcane

Youlton

Bragion²,

Wendland³

2016

Cienc. Inv. Agr.

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“…En este sentido, es importante considerar que la principal fuente de abastecimiento hídrico del centro-sur de Chile corresponde a cursos de agua superficial cuya recarga depende del régimen de precipitaciones. Muchas de las cuencas que dan origen a estos cuerpos de agua han sido sometidas a intensos cambios en el uso del suelo incluyendo la tala de bosque nativo, el desarrollo de actividades agropecuarias y, en las últimas décadas, la forestación masiva con especies exóticas de rápido crecimiento, fuertemente subsidiada por el estado a partir de la entrada en vigencia del Decreto Ley N° 701 en 1974 (Aguayo et al, 2009;Lara et al, 2012;Altamirano et al, 2013). Este acelerado proceso de forestación ha hecho surgir con fuerza la percepción de que las plantaciones forestales disminuyen notablemente la producción hídrica de cuencas con régimen pluvial.…”

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Respuesta hidrológica de una cuenca de meso escala frente a futuros escenarios de expansión forestal

Aguayo¹,

Stehr²,

Link³

2016

Rev. geogr. Norte Gd.

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RESUMENA nivel global más de la mitad del agua generada a través del proceso de escorrentía es usada por el hombre. En el centro-sur de Chile las cuencas hidrográficas han sido sometidas a intensas transformaciones territoriales, incluyendo la forestación masiva con especies exóticas. Este estudio evalúa el efecto hidrológico de futuros escenarios de expansión forestal en una cuenca de meso escala (4.340 km 2 ) utilizando el modelo SWAT. Los escenarios fueron construidos a través del modelo de regresión logística proyectando el desarrollo forestal hacia los años 2018, 2028 y 2038. Los resultados muestran una tendencia a la disminución de los caudales, especialmente en la época de estiaje. Para algunos escenarios la disminución de los caudales de verano supera el 50% respecto al periodo base. Esta tendencia decreciente de los caudales, producto del aumento de la cobertura forestal, es consistente con la reportada por otros autores en cuencas de pequeña y meso-escala.Palabras clave: cambio de uso del suelo, plantaciones forestales exóticas, producción hídrica, centro-sur de Chile, modelo hidrológico SWAT. ABSTRACTA global level more than half of the water generated through the process of runoff is used by man. In south-central Chile the watersheds have been subjected to intensive processes of land use changes, including expansion of forest plantations with exotic species. This study evaluates the hydrological eff ects of future scenarios for forest expansion in a basin of mesoscale (4.340 km2) using the SWAT model. The scenarios were constructed through logistic regression model forest development planning to the years 2018, 2028 and 2038. The results of the validation process show that the model has good capacity to represent the hydrology of the watershed under analysis. Simulations indicate a decreasing trend in flows especially in the dry season. For some scenarios, decreasing summer flows exceed 50% respect to the base period. This decreasing trend is consistent with those reported by other authors in basins of small and meso-scale.

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Contrasting mountain and piedmont dynamics of sediment discharge associated with groundwater storage variation in the Biobío River

Tolorza

Carretier

Andermann

et al. 2014

J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf.

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Supply and transport of sediment in catchments involve processes with fundamental consequences for river management, land use, and the prediction of climate‐driven sediment fluxes. In the present study we addressed spatial variability in the water routes through the surface and subsurface of a catchment and the suspended sediment discharge (Qs) over a mountain‐piedmont system. We analyzed daily suspended sediment concentration (Cs) and water discharge (Q) measurements at stations located in different topographic settings (mountain and piedmont) in the Biobío River basin (southern central Andes, 37–39°S). In steep catchments, the Q versus Qs relationship has a marked seasonal hysteresis. In the piedmont, Qs is proportional to Q, with no seasonal hysteresis. The contrast in the hysteresis pattern between catchments with different topographies is explained by differences in the routing of rainfall‐derived water. In the piedmont, most of the rainfall is converted into surface runoff because the water table is near the surface. In the mountains, groundwater storage results in large seasonal variations in the proportion of Q that flows at the surface and transports sediment from the hillslopes, producing hysteresis. By separating the total Q into two components (direct discharge, Qd and base flow, Qb), we observed the response of Qs to the fraction of water that quickly leaves the catchment after a rainfall event (Qd). Similar results between the mountain and piedmont and the absence of hysteresis simplify the behavior of Qs into a linear relationship with Qd over the entire catchment and lead us to propose that sediment mobilization to the river along the Biobío catchment is primarily controlled by overland flow. Our findings highlight the importance of an adequate hydrological model for understanding the erosion and transport processes of a catchment, and which can be applied to other natural and modeled mountain‐piedmont systems.

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Reconstrucción de la cobertura de la vegetación y uso del suelo hacia 1550 y sus cambios a 2007 en la ecorregión de los bosques valdivianos lluviosos de Chile (35º - 43º 30´ S)

Cited by 88 publications

References 15 publications

Experimental Evaluation of Sediment Yield in the First Year After Replacement of Pastures by Sugarcane

Experimental Evaluation of Sediment Yield in the First Year After Replacement of Pastures by Sugarcane

Respuesta hidrológica de una cuenca de meso escala frente a futuros escenarios de expansión forestal

Contrasting mountain and piedmont dynamics of sediment discharge associated with groundwater storage variation in the Biobío River

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