Reconstruction of the musculoskeletal system in an extinct lion

Cuff, Andrew R.; Goswami, Anjali; Hutchinson, John R.

doi:10.26879/688

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…However, both approaches are applied to extinct mammals (e.g. Romer & Price, 1940; Damuth & MacFadden, 1990; Gingerich, 1990; Fortelius & Kappelman, 1993; Fariña, Vizcaíno & Bargo, 1998; De Esteban‐Trivigno, Mendoza & De Renzi, 2008; Rinderknecht & Blanco, 2008; Millien & Bovy, 2010; De Esteban‐Trivigno & Köhler, 2011; Brassey & Sellers, 2014; Larramendi & Palombo, 2015; Basu, Falkingham & Hutchinson, 2016; Cuff, Goswami & Hutchinson, 2017; Hopkins, 2018), non‐mammalian synapsids (Romer & Price, 1940; Blob, 2001; Romano & Manucci, 2019; Romano & Rubidge, 2019), and birds (Campbell Jr & Marcus, 1992; Field et al ., 2013; Brassey & Sellers, 2014; Serrano, Palmqvist & Sanz, 2015) and see Hopkins (2018) for a recent review of body mass estimation techniques in fossil mammals. We discuss the assumptions inherent to VD and ES approaches, as well as their advantages and disadvantages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The accuracy and precision of body mass estimation in non‐avian dinosaurs

Campione

Evans

2020

Biological Reviews

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Inferring the body mass of fossil taxa, such as non‐avian dinosaurs, provides a powerful tool for interpreting physiological and ecological properties, as well as the ability to study these traits through deep time and within a macroevolutionary context. As a result, over the past 100 years a number of studies advanced methods for estimating mass in dinosaurs and other extinct taxa. These methods can be categorized into two major approaches: volumetric‐density (VD) and extant‐scaling (ES). The former receives the most attention in non‐avian dinosaurs and advanced appreciably over the last century: from initial physical scale models to three‐dimensional (3D) virtual techniques that utilize scanned data obtained from entire skeletons. The ES approach is most commonly applied to extinct members of crown clades but some equations are proposed and utilized in non‐avian dinosaurs. Because both approaches share a common goal, they are often viewed in opposition to one another. However, current palaeobiological research problems are often approach specific and, therefore, the decision to utilize a VD or ES approach is largely question dependent. In general, biomechanical and physiological studies benefit from the full‐body reconstruction provided through a VD approach, whereas large‐scale evolutionary and ecological studies require the extensive data sets afforded by an ES approach. This study summarizes both approaches to body mass estimation in stem‐group taxa, specifically non‐avian dinosaurs, and provides a comparative quantitative framework to reciprocally illuminate and corroborate VD and ES approaches. The results indicate that mass estimates are largely consistent between approaches: 73% of VD reconstructions occur within the expected 95% prediction intervals of the ES relationship. However, almost three quarters of outliers occur below the lower 95% prediction interval, indicating that VD mass estimates are, on average, lower than would be expected given their stylopodial circumferences. Inconsistencies (high residual and per cent prediction deviation values) are recovered to a varying degree among all major dinosaurian clades along with an overall tendency for larger deviations between approaches among small‐bodied taxa. Nonetheless, our results indicate a strong corroboration between recent iterations of the VD approach based on 3D specimen scans suggesting that our current understanding of size in dinosaurs, and hence its biological correlates, has improved over time. We advance that VD and ES approaches have fundamentally (metrically) different advantages and, hence, the comparative framework used and advocated here combines the accuracy afforded by ES with the precision provided by VD and permits the rapid identification of discrepancies with the potential to open new areas of discussion.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The accuracy and precision of body mass estimation in non‐avian dinosaurs

Campione

Evans

2020

Biological Reviews

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“…For the feeding system, this publication presaged a bloom of studies of the relative sizes and orientations of the chewing muscle in various mammals (e.g., Davis, 1955Davis, , 1964Turnbull, 1970;Cachel, 1979;Bhattacharyya, 1980;Busbey, 1989;Herrel et al, 2005), estimates of chewing muscle size in fossils (e.g., Demes and Creel, 1988;Thomason, 1991;Holliday, 2009), and sophisticated biomechanical studies of the bony masticatory apparatus from an engineering perspective (Gingerich, 1971(Gingerich, , 1972Greaves, 1974Greaves, , 1978Gingerich, 1979;Greaves, 1980Greaves, , 1988Spencer and Demes, 1993;Cleuren et al, 1995;Ross, 1995;Ravosa, 1996;Spencer, 1999;Porro et al, 2011). Studies of the myology of the locomotor system have also followed similar investigative trajectories (Thorington et al, 1997;Zeffer and Norberg, 2003;Cuff et al, 2017).…”

Section: Some Historical Trends In the Study Of Muscle Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscle Functional Morphology in Paleobiology: The Past, Present, and Future of “Paleomyology”

Perry

Prufrock

2018

The Anatomical Record

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Our knowledge of muscle anatomy and physiology in vertebrates has increased dramatically over the last two-hundred years. Today, much is understood about how muscles contract and about the functional meaning of muscular variation at multiple scales. Progress in muscle anatomy has profited from the availability of broad comparative samples, advances in microscopy have permitted comparisons at increasingly finer scales, and progress in muscle physiology has profited from many carefully designed and executed experiments. Several avenues of future work are promising. In particular, muscle ontogeny (growth and development) is poorly understood for many vertebrate groups. We consider which types of advances in muscle functional morphology are of use to paleobiologists. These are only a modest subset for muscle anatomy and a very small subset for muscle physiology. The relationship between muscle and bone - spatially and mechanically-is critical to any future advances in "paleomyology". Anat Rec, 301:538-555, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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“…This study stops at the generation of the 3D model of the bone system. From this point on new procedures for completing the body of the animal and the substrate need to be done (some examples: Araujo & Polcyn, 2013;Cuff et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3d Digitization of Complex Exhibition Items (Mounted Skeletons of Dinosaurs) and Generation of Virtual Replicas for Biomechanical Studies

Miranda

Melón

Hernández

et al. 2019

Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.

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Abstract. The work presented here is part of a broader study concerning the biomechanical analysis of the movement of dinosaurs, which will be done by the finite element method (FEM). For this aim, it will be necessary to count on virtual models of the walking system (that is to say, the foot, leg, etc.) and the substrate on which the dinosaur moved. Both kinds of models can be approximately inferred from fossil remains: bones for the former and ichnites (fossil footprints) for the latter. Obviously, there are important challenges in these models, let us see, for example, that a group of fossil bones (probably incomplete and deteriorate) is very far from a walking animal with not only the bones and the articulations but also with flesh, tendons, skin, claws and so on. In any case, fossil bones are the only material we have to start modelling. Therefore, the first step will be their 3D digitization. As the expected use of the 3D models defines, the technical characteristics that these models need to comply with, the manuscript will reflect on the qualities that the models for biomechanical purposes need, paying attention to the completeness, geometric accuracy and resolution. Moreover, a practical case is presented with a comparison of a scanning technology (fringe projection) and close range photogrammetry in order to model a 2 meters tall leg of a specimen of Edmontosaurus.

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Reconstruction of the musculoskeletal system in an extinct lion

Cited by 8 publications

References 30 publications

The accuracy and precision of body mass estimation in non‐avian dinosaurs

The accuracy and precision of body mass estimation in non‐avian dinosaurs

Muscle Functional Morphology in Paleobiology: The Past, Present, and Future of “Paleomyology”

3d Digitization of Complex Exhibition Items (Mounted Skeletons of Dinosaurs) and Generation of Virtual Replicas for Biomechanical Studies

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