Record High Electron Mobility of 6.3 cm2V−1s−1 Achieved for Polymer Semiconductors Using a New Building Block

Sun, Bin; Hong, Wei; Yan, Zhuangqing; Aziz, Hany; Li, Yuning

doi:10.1002/adma.201305981

Cited by 400 publications

(400 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…[30] Similar efforts have been devoted to improving n-channel polymer semiconductors, with the performances of n-type devices still lagging behind their p-channel counterparts. [31][32][33][34][35][36] The main obstacle that has traditionally prevented the improvement of electron transporting polymers is the presence of trap sites forming at around −3.8 to −4.0 eV, mainly associated with hydrogenated oxygen, which complicates the design of conjugated polymers because of the requirement for a lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy level that lays below this range. [37] In the recent past, different solutions have been proposed, among which a remarkably well performing solution-processable n-type polymer reported by Yan et al, based on a naphthalene diimide (NDI) acceptor moiety (referred to as PNDI2OD-T2) and easily achieving fieldeffect mobilities in the 0.1 to 1 cm 2 V −1 s −1 range, represented a breakthrough in the development of n-channel organic polymeric semiconductors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐Mobility Naphthalene Diimide and Selenophene‐Vinylene‐Selenophene‐Based Conjugated Polymer: n‐Channel Organic Field‐Effect Transistors and Structure–Property Relationship

Sung

Luzio

Park

et al. 2016

Adv Funct Materials

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Interdependence of chemical structure, thin-film morphology, and transport properties is a key, yet often elusive aspect characterizing the design and development of high-mobility, solution-processed polymers for large-area and flexible electronics applications. There is a specific need to achieve >1 cm 2 V −1 s −1 field-effect mobilities (μ) at low processing temperatures in combination with environmental stability, especially in the case of electron-transporting polymers, which are still lagging behind hole transporting materials. Here, the synthesis of a naphthalene-diimide based donor-acceptor copolymer characterized by a selenophene vinylene selenophene donor moiety is reported. Optimized field-effect transistors show maximum μ of 2.4 cm 2 V −1 s −1 and promising ambient stability. A very marked film structural evolution is revealed with increasing annealing temperature, with evidence of a remarkable 3D crystallinity above 180 °C. Conversely, transport properties are found to be substantially optimized at 150 °C, with limited gain at higher temperature. This discrepancy is rationalized by the presence of a surface-segregated prevalently edge-on packed polymer phase, dominating the device accumulated channel. This study therefore serves the purpose of presenting a promising, high-electron-mobility copolymer that is processable at relatively low temperatures, and of clearly highlighting the necessity of specifically investigating channel morphology in assessing the structure-property nexus in semiconducting polymer thin films.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐Mobility Naphthalene Diimide and Selenophene‐Vinylene‐Selenophene‐Based Conjugated Polymer: n‐Channel Organic Field‐Effect Transistors and Structure–Property Relationship

Sung

Luzio

Park

et al. 2016

Adv Funct Materials

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“…With impedance spectroscopy on the finger-gate system, the mobility measurement is decoupled from charge injection and the true mobility in the transistor channel could be extracted. In some devices where record mobilities are measured, also a contact resistance is present [4]. Likely these mobilities are therefore underestimated and higher values may be obtained with the method presented in this paper.…”

Section: Contactless Mobility Measurementmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Especially n-type and ambipolar polymers recently made strong progression [3][4][5][6][7][8]. However, as the channel resistance decreases due to the increase of organic semiconductor mobilities, contact resistances often become the bottleneck for the total device performance [1,9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contactless charge carrier mobility measurement in organic field-effect transistors

Roelofs¹,

Li²,

Janssen³

et al. 2014

Organic Electronics

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a b s t r a c tWith the increasing performance of organic semiconductors, contact resistances become an almost fundamental problem, obstructing the accurate measurement of charge carrier mobilities. Here, a generally applicable method is presented to determine the true charge carrier mobility in an organic field-effect transistor (OFET). The method uses two additional finger-shaped gates that capacitively generate and probe an alternating current in the OFET channel. The time lag between drive and probe can directly be related to the mobility, as is shown experimentally and numerically. As the scheme does not require the injection or uptake of charges it is fundamentally insensitive to contact resistances. Particularly for ambipolar materials the true mobilities are found to be substantially larger than determined by conventional (direct current) schemes.

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“…22,23 Sun et al reported the highest electron mobility of 6.3 cm 2 V -1 s -1 by combining pyridine with DPP which leads to highly crystalline polymers and oriented thin films. 24 Coupling DPP to selenophene has resulted in higher hole and electron mobilities (1.62 and 0.14 cm 2 V -1 s -1 ) compared to their thiophene counterparts. 25,26,27 DPP-vinylene and selenophene-vinyleneselenophene based copolymers have shown electron mobilities of ~0.05 cm 2 V -1 s -1 23 and hole mobilities as high as 4.97 cm 2 V -1 s -1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air-Stable n-channel Diketopyrrolopyrrole−Diketopyrrolopyrrole Oligomers for High Performance Ambipolar Organic Transistors

Mukhopadhyay

Puttaraju

Senanayak

et al. 2016

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Abstract:N-type organic semiconductors are prone to oxidation upon exposed to ambient conditions. Herein, we report design and synthesis of diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) based oligomers for ambipolar organic thin film transistors (OFETs) with excellent air and bias stability at ambient conditions. The cyclic voltammetry measurements reveal exceptional electrochemical stability during the redox cycle of oligomers. Structural properties including aggregation, crystallinity and morphology in thin film were investigated by UV-visible spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), thin film X-ray diffraction (XRD) and grazing incidence small angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS) measurements. AFM reveals morphological changes induced by different processing conditions whereas GISAXS measurements show increase in the population of face-on oriented crystallites in films subjected to a combination of solvent and thermal treatments. These measurements also highlight the significance of chalcogen atom from sulphur to selenium on the photophysical, optical, electronic and solid-state properties of DPP-DPP oligomers. Charge carrier mobilities of the oligomers were investigated by fabricating top-gate bottom-contact (TG-BC) thin-film transistors by annealing the thin films under various conditions. Combined solvent and thermal annealing of DPP-DPP oligomer thin films results in consistent electron mobilities as high as ~0.2 cm 2 V -1 s -1 with an on/off ratio exceeding 10 4 . Field-effect behaviour was retained for up to ~ 4 week which illustrates remarkable air and bias stability. This work paves the way towards the development of n-type DPP-DPP based oligomers exhibiting retention of field effect behaviour with superior stability at ambient conditions.

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Record High Electron Mobility of 6.3 cm²V⁻¹s⁻¹ Achieved for Polymer Semiconductors Using a New Building Block

Cited by 400 publications

References 60 publications

High‐Mobility Naphthalene Diimide and Selenophene‐Vinylene‐Selenophene‐Based Conjugated Polymer: n‐Channel Organic Field‐Effect Transistors and Structure–Property Relationship

High‐Mobility Naphthalene Diimide and Selenophene‐Vinylene‐Selenophene‐Based Conjugated Polymer: n‐Channel Organic Field‐Effect Transistors and Structure–Property Relationship

Contactless charge carrier mobility measurement in organic field-effect transistors

Air-Stable n-channel Diketopyrrolopyrrole−Diketopyrrolopyrrole Oligomers for High Performance Ambipolar Organic Transistors

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