Recovery of boron from borax sludge using solid–liquid extraction followed by ion exchange with amberlite resin

Abstract

To recover boron from borax sludge, initially solidliquid extraction with dilute sulfuric acid was utilized in a batch reactor. The optimum working conditions for boron extraction were determined. A maximum extraction yield of 85.0% for boron was obtained. In the process, 9.14% of the calcium and 16.8% of the magnesium contained in the solid waste passed to the extraction solution. Subsequently, batch ion-exchange studies were performed using Amberlite IRA-743-boron specific resin for the separation of boron from the calcium and magnesium components in the extraction solution. The effects of contact time and resin dosage on the ion-exchange process were investigated. A second order kinetic model seemed to be appropriate for the boron ion-exchange. The boron, which was sorbed on the resin, was eluted completely using a 0.5 M sulfuric acid solution. It was seen that the calcium and magnesium components were not present in the elution solution. In this process, boron was successfully separated from the calcium and magnesium species. It was determined that approximately 98.70% of the boron in the extraction solution could be recovered at a pH value of 8, a contact time of 24 h, an initial boron concentration of 500 mg/L, a resin dosage of 2.5 g of resin/50 mL of extraction solution, and a temperature of 258C.

Catalytic Deoxygenation of Xylitol to Renewable Chemicals: Advances on Catalyst Design and Mechanistic Studies

“…Xylitol is also found naturally existing in fruits (strawberry, grape and banana), vegetables (lettuce, cauliflower and mushrooms), crop residence (corncobs, cottonseed hulls and bagasse), yeast, lichens and seaweed. It can be obtained from these sources by solid‐liquid extraction method, but the main problem is its small proportion (less than 900 mg/100 g) [14] in the raw materials leading to poor economics.…”