Recovery of Forest and Phylogenetic Structure in Abandoned Cocoa Agroforestry in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil

Rolim, Samir Gonçalves; Sambuichi, Regina Helena Rosa; Schroth, Götz; Nascimento, Marcelo Trindade; Gomes, José Manoel Lúcio

doi:10.1007/s00267-016-0800-5

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Many studies compared the potential for conservation of different animal and plant species among different types of cacao agroforest, such as cabruca, rubber agroforest (cacao shaded by rubber trees-Hevea brasiliensis) and Erythrina agroforestry (cacao shaded by Erythrina glauca or Erythrina fusca). The majority of these studies concluded that cacao agroforests with a more complex and diverse vegetation structure, being mainly shaded by native trees, were better able to maintain subsamples of the communities found in the adjacent forests than the monodominant agroforests [101,110,121,122]. The presence of large-diameter native trees was also pointed out as an important attribute for habitat use of mammal species in cabrucas [113].…”

Section: Habitat and Gene Poolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecosystem Services from Ecological Agroforestry in Brazil: A Systematic Map of Scientific Evidence

Schuler

Alarcon

Joner

et al. 2022

Land

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(1) Brazil has great potential to expand the area under agroforestry, and thereby simultaneously enhance multiple ecosystem services. However, divergent interests are currently polarized between drastic environmental deregulation and public resource allocation to chemical-intensive land use versus conservation and sustainable agriculture. This highlights an urgent need for a comprehensive overview of the evidence of the benefits to society generated by agroforestry across Brazil. (2) We present a systematic map of the scientific evidence related to the effects of agroforestry on ecosystem services in Brazil. (3) Reviewing 158 peer-reviewed articles, published in international scientific journals (database: Web of Science), we identified a disproportionate emphasis on the Atlantic Forest. Very little research has been published on the Cerrado savanna, Pampa grasslands and Pantanal wetlands. Regulating services were much more frequently studied (85%) than provisioning (13%), while cultural services represent a major gap. A consistent positive effect of agroforestry was demonstrated for soil quality, habitat and food provisioning. Trade-offs were demonstrated for soils and habitats. (4) Our analysis identifies high-priority gaps given their critical importance for human well-being which should be filled: agroforestry effects on water provision and regulation. Moreover, they should assess other ES such as erosion control, flood protection and pest control to enable a more reliable inference about trade-offs.

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Section: Habitat and Gene Poolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecosystem Services from Ecological Agroforestry in Brazil: A Systematic Map of Scientific Evidence

Schuler

Alarcon

Joner

et al. 2022

Land

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“…High litter production in the abandoned AFS may be due to the riparian vegetation structure ( Gonçalves Júnior et al, 2014 ; Rezende et al, 2017a ) and successional stage during forest recovery ( Sambuichi & Haridasan, 2007 ; Rolim et al, 2017 ). Factors such as abundant deposits of crop biomass ( Beer et al, 1998 ), which are related to high carbon stocks in the soil ( Gama-Rodrigues et al, 2010 ; Costa et al, 2018 ), and rapid nutrient cycling in these systems ( Nair et al, 1999 ) are likely to play a role.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Litter inputs and standing stocks in riparian zones and streams under secondary forest and managed and abandoned cocoa agroforestry systems

Brandão

Moraes

Silva

et al. 2022

PeerJ

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Background Cocoa is an important tropical tree crop that is mainly cultivated in agroforestry systems (AFS). This system, known as cabruca in northeastern Brazil, holds promise to reconcile biodiversity conservation and economic development. However, since cocoa AFS alters forest structure composition, it can affect litter dynamics in riparian zones and streams. Thus, our objective was to determine litter inputs and standing stocks in riparian zones and streams under three types of forest: managed cocoa AFS, abandoned cocoa AFS, and secondary forest. Methods We determined terrestrial litter fall (TI), vertical (VI) and lateral (LI) litter inputs to streams, and litter standing stocks on streambeds (BS) in the Atlantic Forest of northeastern Brazil. Litter was collected every 30 days from August 2018 to July 2019 using custom-made traps. The litter was dried, separated into four fractions (leaves, branches, reproductive organs, and miscellaneous material) and weighed. Results Terrestrial litter fall was similar in all forests, ranging from 89 g m−2 month−1 in secondary forest (SF) to 96 g m−2 month−1 in abandoned cocoa AFS (AC). Vertical input were higher in AC (82 g m−2 month−1) and MC (69 g m−2 month−1) than in SF (40 g m−2 month−1), whereas lateral input were higher in MC (43 g m−2 month−1) than in AC (15 g m−2 month−1) and SF (24 g m−2 month−1). Standing stocks followed the order SF > AC > MC, corresponding to 425, 299 and 152 g m−2. Leaves contributed most to all litter fractions in all forests. Reproductive plant parts accounted for a larger proportion in managed AFS. Branches and miscellaneous litter were also similar in all forests, except for higher benthic standing stocks of miscellaneous litter in the SF. Despite differences in the amounts of litter inputs and standing stocks among the forests, seasonal patterns in the abandoned AFS (AC) were more similar to those of the secondary forest (SF) than the managed AFS, suggesting potential of abandoned AFS to restore litter dynamics resembling those of secondary forests.

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“…A conversão de florestas tropicais em outros tipos de habitat como pequenos fragmentos, pastagens ou áreas agrícolas, com o objetivo de acessar bens de consumo providos pela biodiversidade ou para utilização do espaço, têm alcançado elevadas taxas nos últimos anos e causado a extinção de inúmeras espécies (Harvey et al 2008, Cassano et al 2009, Piasentin & Gois 2016, Rolim et al 2016. Para diminuir a perda de biodiversidade e ainda suprir as necessidades humanas de produtos agrícolas, a importância de sistemas produtivos menos impactantes, que preservam parcialmente a biodiversidade destas florestas, vem sendo reconhecida internacionalmente por estudos recentes (Harvey et al 2008, Gardner et al 2009, Piasentin & Gois 2016, Rolim et al 2016.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Para diminuir a perda de biodiversidade e ainda suprir as necessidades humanas de produtos agrícolas, a importância de sistemas produtivos menos impactantes, que preservam parcialmente a biodiversidade destas florestas, vem sendo reconhecida internacionalmente por estudos recentes (Harvey et al 2008, Gardner et al 2009, Piasentin & Gois 2016, Rolim et al 2016. Tais estudos reconhecem que a conservação não pode depender exclusivamente da preservação de ecossistemas sem qualquer forma de exploração.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Dessa forma, este modelo de cultivo do cacaueiro tem contribuído para a conservação de grande parte da biodiversidade da Mata Atlântica (Rice & Greenberg 2000, Sambuichi 2002, Cassano et al 2009, Piasentin & Gois 2016, Rolim et al 2016, que nessa região apresenta os mais elevados índices de biodiversidade do país, com até 456 espécies arbóreas registradas em um hectare (Araujo et al 1998). Neste sentido, considerando que a composição e diversidade de espécies arbóreas em florestas tropicais variam em função de diversos fatores biológicos como área e tempo de regeneração , Rolim et al 2016), e o importante papel das cabrucas para a conservação de um subconjunto de espécies da Mata Atlântica (Cassano et al 2009, Piasentin & Gois 2016, Rolim et al 2016, o objetivo deste trabalho foi conhecer e avaliar a diversidade arbórea de cabrucas de Fazendas produtoras de cacau no centro-sul da Bahia e verificar se fatores como as áreas das propriedades e das cabrucas influenciam as comunidades arbóreas remanescentes.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Heterogeneidade na estrutura e diversidade de árvores de cabrucas no centro-sul do Estado da Bahia, Brasil

Guimarães

Silva

Corrêa

2017

Hoehnea

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-(Tree heterogeneity and diversity in cabrucas in central South of Bahia State, Brazil). The contribution of managed ecosystems for biodiversity conservation has been highlighted by recent studies. Tree species diversity was investigated in Cabruca (a traditional agroforest with cocoa and native trees) of ten cocoa farms in central-Southern Bahia state to quantify the remnant tree diversity and to verify if it is influenced by the size of the farm and the size of the Cabruca. A total of 273 trees, 55 trees species and 20 plant families were recorded. From these, 89% of plant species and 73% of trees were native species. In average, 23 to 60 tree species and 40 to 236 individuals per hectare were registered. The Shannon-Wiener (H') index varied from 1.3 to 2.5. The mixture coefficient of Jentsch (QM) obtained was two individuals per species. A high heterogeneity was observed among the Cabrucas studied. Tree diversity was not correlated, however, with the total area of the farms or the area of Cabruca on the farms. Our results indicate that Cabruca are variable in tree density and diversity. Additionally, management performed by cocoa farm owners is the main factor that influences the tree community attributes in this agroforestry. Keywords: Agroforestry systems, Atlantic forest, cocoa tree, managed ecosystem, native species RESUMO -(Heterogeneidade na estrutura e diversidade de árvores de cabrucas no centro-sul do Estado da Bahia, Brasil). O objetivo deste trabalho foi conhecer a diversidade arbórea de cabrucas de fazendas produtoras de cacau no centro-sul da Bahia e verificar se fatores como as áreas das propriedades e das cabrucas influenciam as comunidades arbóreas remanescentes. Foram encontrados 273 indivíduos, pertencentes a 55 espécies e 20 famílias, sendo que 89% das espécies e 73% dos indivíduos são nativos da região. Em média, por hectare, foram registrados 23 a 60 espécies arbóreas e 40 a 236 indivíduos. O índice de Shannon-Wiener (H') variou de 1,3 a 2,5 e o quociente de mistura de Jenstch resultou em uma proporção de dois indivíduos para cada espécie. As cabrucas estudadas apresentaram alta heterogeneidade. Contudo, a diversidade arbórea não foi correlacionada com a área total e nem com a área de cabruca nas propriedades. Nossos resultados indicam que as cabrucas são muito variáveis em densidade e diversidade e que o sistema de manejo realizado pelos proprietários das fazendas parece ser o fator que mais influencia os atributos da comunidade arbórea nestas agroflorestas.

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Recovery of Forest and Phylogenetic Structure in Abandoned Cocoa Agroforestry in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil

Cited by 13 publications

References 60 publications

Ecosystem Services from Ecological Agroforestry in Brazil: A Systematic Map of Scientific Evidence

Ecosystem Services from Ecological Agroforestry in Brazil: A Systematic Map of Scientific Evidence

Litter inputs and standing stocks in riparian zones and streams under secondary forest and managed and abandoned cocoa agroforestry systems

Heterogeneidade na estrutura e diversidade de árvores de cabrucas no centro-sul do Estado da Bahia, Brasil

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