Recovery of manganese from low-grade pyrolusite ore by reductively acid leaching process using lignin as a low cost reductant

Comprehensive Utilization of Diamond Wire Saw Silicon Powder Waste and Low-Grade Mn Ore to Prepare a MnSi1.73–1.75-Rich Alloy

“…1 However, the rapid depletion of high-grade Mn ore resources poses a challenge for Mn-based industries. 2 Therefore, many methods have been proposed and developed to extract Mn from low-grade Mn ores, such as using toxic nitrocellulose acid wastewater as a reductant (leaching efficiency of Mn 97.4%), 3 a reduction roasting process by direct reduced iron making (Mn recovery ratio 75%), 4 sulfidation roasting to prepare LiMn 2 O 4 for lithium-ion batteries (leaching efficiency of Mn 99.1%), 5 recovery of Fe and enrichment of Mn by smelting reduction using coke as a reductant (MnO increased from 27.36% to >35% and Fe decreased from 22.36% to <5%), 6 microwave heating using pyrite as a reducing agent (leaching ratio of Mn 98.6%), 7 SO 2 leaching (recovery ratio of Mn 97.9%), 8 reductive acid leaching using lignin as a low-cost reductant (leaching ratio of Mn 91%), 9 preparation of low-Mn pig iron and high Mn slag via carbo-thermic reduction (recovery ratio of MnO 94.59%), 10 enhancement of leaching with an electric field (leaching efficiency of Mn 98.2%), 11 suspension reductive roasting and magnetic separation (recovery ratio of MnO 87.02%), 12 preparation of high-grade manganese concentrate using HCl acid (Mn content increased from 16.4% to 51.6%), 13 leaching using pretreated sawdust as a reductant (leaching ratio of Mn 94.1%), 14 separation of magnetic ferrite ceramics by magnetic separation (recovery ratio of Mn 85.6%), 15 and bioleaching using Aspergillus niger (leaching ratio of Mn 80%). 16 Solar energy, a renewable energy source, has been developing rapidly worldwide owing to fossil fuel depletion and environmental protection efforts.…”

Recovery of Valuable Metals and NaCl from Cobalt-Rich Crust and Industrial Waste Salt via Roasting Coupling Technology

“…Although many methods for extracting metal resources in cobalt-rich crust such as fire reduction leaching [10][11][12], wet reduction leaching [13], or microbial leaching [14] have been studied, wet reduction leaching and microbial leaching have a series of shortcomings such as low efficiency, high cost, and large waste water output limiting application range [15]. Reductive roasting has long been regarded by researchers as a technically and economically viable technique due to its high efficiency and simple operation [16,17], which is to reduce the high-valence manganese oxide to a low valence by adding various reducing agents (pyrite, anthracite, sulfur dioxide, sulfur, biomass, etc.…”

Countercurrent leaching of Ni, Co, Mn, and Li from spent lithium-ion batteries

“…Meng et al (2018) used glucose to recover valuable metals from LiCoO 2 , confirming that glucose could be an efficient and environmentally friendly reducing agent in the leaching process. Tea waste and American pokeweed ( Phytolacca americana ) (Chen et al, 2015), lignin (Xiong et al, 2018), waste molasses (Su et al, 2009), and bagasse (Yang et al, 2013) have also been found to be suitable reducing agents. As a kind of biomass, starch is easily hydrolyzed into monosaccharides in an acidic environment (Long et al, 2018).…”