Recovery of Rice Bran Oil Using Solid‐Liquid Extraction Technique

Abstract

Rice bran oil was extracted using five different solvents, namely acetone, SL‐M1 (75% acetone and 25% ethanol), SL‐M2 (50% acetone and 50% ethanol), SL‐M3 (25% acetone and 75% ethanol) and ethanol. The effect of the solvent type on the percentage recovery of the oil has been graphically represented and discussed when the temperature, contact time, solvent‐bran ratio, stirring and pH were fixed at 50C, 30 min, 5:1, 90 rpm and 7.1, respectively. The results indicated that the percentage recovery of rice bran oil was at the maximum when SL‐M2 (50% ethanol and 50% acetone) was used as solvent. Further, the parametric effects on the extraction process were also investigated and critically discussed. The quality of the extracted rice bran oil was determined using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis, saponification and acid values. Practical Application A significant amount of rice bran (contains 13–18% oil) is being wasted from rice mills of an agricultural country like Pakistan. Further, rice bran oil is an important intermediate raw material for food and pharmaceutical industries. So, the present experimental studies composed of the recovery of the oil from rice bran through an efficient and cost‐effective method. For this purpose, pure ethanol, pure acetone and three compositionally different mixtures of ethanol and acetone were used as solvents for the extraction process. Parametric effects were also investigated on the extraction process to collect the data for the economic process design.

Solvent effect on the extraction of soluble solids from murici and pequi seeds

“…On the other hand, the soluble solids yield of pequi seeds using isopropanol was significantly higher than the values obtained with ethanol, and acetone. According with Javed, Ahmad, Rehman, Zafar, & Malik (), the increase in the yield may be affected by two parameters, the solubility, and the kinetic energy of molecules, once the extraction efficiency of a solvent dependes on the solubility characteristics of extractor and solute. Oliveira, Barros, & Gimenes, () also affirms that the higher averages of the yield from extraction with isopropanol and occur because molecules are composed of atoms with different electronegativities.…”

“…Different behaviors for the same solvent and different raw materials are reported. The yield obtained by Javed et al (2015), using ethanol, acetone, and their mixtures as extractor, for the rice bran oil extraction process at 50 8C, under sitrring (90 rpm/30 min), and solvent-seed ratio of 5:1 (vol/wt), was greater when pure ethanol (79.5%), and an acetone-ethanol mixture was used (1:1) (vol/vol; 80%).…”

Solid liquid extraction of rice bran oil using binary mixture of ethyl acetate and dichloromethane

“…6 Recently, Javed et al have investigated the extraction of the RBO using ethanol-acetone solvent mixtures. 7 An enhanced recovery of the RBO has been reported, but the absolute miscibility of solvents with moisture content left in the solid bran may cause rancidity during the extraction. Further, the commercial ethanol is also accompanied with a fractional amount of water content, which may also reduce the quality of extracted oil.…”

Introductory Chapter: From Waste to New Resources

“…Tea waste Microwave-assisted extraction/solvent extraction [28] Oils Rice bran Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and compressed liquefied petroleum gas/solid-liquid extraction [36,37] Essential oils Citrus peel Solvent extraction/hydrodistillation [38] Steam explosion at high temperature and pressure [39] Microwave-assisted hydro-diffusion [40] Proteins Brewers' spent grain Sequential extraction of proteins and arabinoxylans; enzymatic-assisted extraction [15,41] Rice by-products Enzymatic hydrolysis and membrane filtration technique [42] Hazelnut meal Solvent extraction (water, acetone) [43] Rapeseed by-products Ultrasound-assisted aqueous extraction [44] Carotenoids Tomato pomace and skin Enzymatic-assisted extraction [45] Supercritical fluid extraction/solvent extraction [46] Supercritical fluid extraction [47] Citrus peel Ultrasound-assisted extraction [48] Sea buckthorn seeds Supercritical carbon dioxide fluid extraction [49] Proteins and bioactive peptides Whey wastewater Membrane separation/ultrafiltration/microfiltration/nanofiltration/reverse osmoses [50] Mild enzymatic hydrolysis [51] Cheese whey Ultrafiltration/nanofiltration [52] Fish and chicken Isoelectric solubilization and precipitation [53] Sardine solid waste Enzymatic hydrolysis and ultrafiltration [54] Shellfish Enzymatic hydrolysis and micro-, ultra-, and nanofiltration/ion exchange chromatography [55] Sugars Whey wastewater Membrane separation and spray drying [50] Cheese whey Ultrafiltration/nanofiltration [52] satisfy the current demands of economic preservation and consumer satisfaction in safety, nutritional and sensory aspects. Also, as the preservation of foods is often a multicomponent issue, the "hurdle" concept was introduced, highlighting the complex interaction between the factors that are significant for food safety and stability [56][57][58].…”