Recovery of spent acid by electrodialysis in the zinc hydrometallurgy industry: Performance study of different cation-exchange membranes

Synthesis and characterization of cellulose triacetate and poly(ethylene imine) membranes containing a polyether macrobicyclic: Their application to the separation of copper(II) and silver(I) ions

“…1 Classical routes include the synthesis of porous inorganic or hybrid membranes of well-defined pore sizes 2 and the modification of surface properties to introduce specific interactions or electrostatic repulsive-attractive effects, as for electrodialysis membranes. 3 Membranes modified through the adsorption of poly(ethylene imine) (PEI) under the effect of an electric field show improvements in their transport properties toward monovalent ions against divalent ones. 4 -6 A solvent polymeric membrane, which consists of a polymer film containing a plasticizer, can be used as an example of a liquid membrane containing a mobile carrier.…”

Modification of ion-exchange membrane used for separation of protons and metallic cations and characterization of the membrane by current–voltage curves

“…This modification involved the formation and/or deposition of a cationic polymer such as polyethyleneimine [4] or polyaniline [5,6] on the membrane surface. However, since the polyethyleneimine layer is primarily maintained at the surface of the membrane by electrostatic interaction, the detachment of the polyelectrolyte layer was observed in certain cases during long-term electrodialysis [7]. This instability can be minimized somehow with polyethyleneimine (PEI), since the modified membrane can be regenerated by electrodeposition of PEI [1].…”

Electrochemical modification of cation exchange membrane with polyaniline for improvement in permselectivity

“…Ionic transference number of Zn 2+ ions for the unmodified and modified membrane was determined by the following equa- tion [15,25]:…”