The welfare dimension of the recreational services provided by global coastal ecosystems is examined through a meta-analytical regression-based valuation approach. First, we construct a global, state-of-the-art database of stated and revealed preference estimates on coastal recreation, which includes also the grey literature and with the latest entry updated to February 2010. Second, the profile of each of the 253 observations of our dataset, which correspond to individual value estimates, was further enriched with characteristics of the built coastal environment (site accessibility, anthropogenic pressure, level of human development), characteristics of the natural coastal environment (presence of protected area, type of ecosystem, and marine biodiversity richness), geo-climatic factors (temperature and precipitation), as well as sociopolitical characteristics, such as the political stability index. In this context, the proposed meta-analytical valuation exercise explores the spatially explicit dimension of the values building upon Geographic Information System (GIS) tools. GIS are relied upon for the spatial characterization of the valued ecosystems, the determination of the role of spatially explicit variables in the meta analytical value transfer model, as well as for the value transfer exercise. The GIS characterization is observed to be extremely significant in explaining the spatial diversity of the estimates values and underlying explanatory factors. The resulting integrated valuation framework constitutes a worldwide première and it results in the first global map of the recreational value of coastal ecosystems. We argue that the presented global map may play an important role in studying the prioritization for the conservation of coastal areas from a social perspective. Although the number of applications of such techniques to coastal recreation is rapidly growing, non-market valuation studies typically have a limited geographical scope and are restricted in the range of socio-economic contexts that they consider.
KeywordsValue transfer techniques are an attractive option for policy-makers facing pressing time and budget constraints when reliable primary valuation data are absent.
2Value transfer makes use of results from earlier empirical studies and applies their conclusions -according to a well-codified set of rules -to a policy site that differs from that of the study for which the values were originally estimated (Boyle & Bergstrom 1992;Florax et al. 2002;Nijkamp et al. 2008). Since local characteristics such as the accessibility of a site to potential users are crucial in determining the extent of coastal tourism and recreation, value transfer is particularly challenging when study and policy sites are located in different geographic and socio-economic contexts. This is because valuation studies generally focus on a single site or group of sites within a homogeneous context and such dependence from the context is left implicit in the analysis (Liu et al. forthcoming). Meta-analysis is the only ...