Recrystallization and grain growth of cold-rolled gold sheet

Abstract

Recrystallization and grain growth of a cold-rolled gold sheet with 98 pct reduction in area (RA) were investigated with electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Gold with some dopants (Be, Ca, and La) was used in this research and its recrystallization temperature was 320 °C. Isothermal annealing experiments at 400 °C, 500 °C, and 600 °C were carried out for the cold-rolled gold sheet, and recrystallization texture was examined. In the cold-rolled gold sheet, ␣-and ␤-fibers were measured mainly and some shear texture components were found on the surface. Shear texture components remained on the surface for 2 hours at 400 °C and were consumed by other recrystallized grains after 24 hours at 400 °C. Microstructure and texture evolution during in-situ annealing at 400 °C were investigated from the cold-rolled state to the fully recrystallized state using EBSD. Most of the newly, recrystallized grains came from the deformed ␤-fiber regions and consisted of ␤-fiber, cube, and other random orientations.

Selective increase in CO 2 electroreduction activity at grain-boundary surface terminations

“…Integration of the (110) and (111) stripping features in Pb UPD voltammograms yielded no relation between the annealing temperature and the (110)/(111) surface population ratio (table S1). The lack of a dominant orientation after annealing is consistent with previous x-ray diffraction and EBSD studies of annealed Au (22).…”

An electrochemical approach to fabricate a heterogeneous mixed monolayer on planar polycrystalline Au and its characterization with Lateral Force Microscopy

“…The Au sample was prepared by a polishing procedure similar to that described above; however for EBSD analysis, the Au bead was polished flat on both sides to produce a cylindrical puck that could be easily mounted in the EBSD chamber. Prior to EBSD characterization, the sample was annealed at 400°C for 3 h to expose the grain boundaries and micronsized facets [35]. The annealed sample was mounted on a pre-tilted specimen holder at 70°to the detector which is required for EBSD analysis.…”

“…With these patterns, information regarding the crystallographic orientation of a material with which the electrons have interacted, can be obtained. In this study, EBSD has been employed to map out the surface facets on planar polycrystalline Au in a manner similar to that reported for different Au samples [35]. In particular, facets with character ranging between Au(1 1 1), Au(1 1 0) and Au(1 0 0) have been quantified and a map of these facets was used in comparison with LFM to determine the presence or absence of a particular thiol on each face.…”

The Influence of Thiolate Readsorption on the Quality of Mixed Monolayers Formed through an Electrochemcial Method

“…The other electrode had a face polished parallel to the gold wire and was also planed at the back using sandpaper for ease of mounting when conducting ex situ LFM. This electrode was annealed at 400 °C in a tube furnace (Barnstead-Thermolyne 21100) for 2 h to expose surface facets …”

“…This electrode was annealed at 400 °C in a tube furnace (Barnstead-Thermolyne 21100) for 2 h to expose surface facets. 52 Electrochemical cells were constructed entirely of glass components and cleaned in a heated mixture of concentrated sulfuric and nitric acid (50:50 by volume). After the cells were rinsed with excess ultrapure water, the electrolyte was introduced and purged of dissolved oxygen by bubbling with Ar (Praxiar, ultrahigh purity).…”