Recycled Lithium from Simulated Pyrometallurgical Slag by Chlorination Roasting

Abstract

When the spent lithium ion battery is processed pyrometallurgically, lithium is generally fixed as slag with a high melting/boiling point which is difficult to be treated further. In this research, an innovative method to recycle lithium from pyro-slag by evaporation during chlorination roasting was proposed. Different chlorine donors, namely NaCl, AlCl3, and CaCl2 were evaluated by HSC software and experiments, among which CaCl2 possessed a stronger ability of chlorine donation in the chlorination roasting process. Experiments proved that 97.45% lithium was evaporated with the Cl/Li molar ratio of 1.8:1 when the mixture of a simulated slag and CaCl2 was roasted at 1000 °C for 90 min. XRD results demonstrated that the majority of LiAl­(SiO3)2 in the slag was transformed into LiCl. All results implied that chlorination roasting should be a promising strategy for lithium recovery from the pyrometallurgical slag after pyro-treatment of the spent lithium ion battery.

Recycling End-of-Life Electric Vehicle Lithium-Ion Batteries

“…Recently, Dang et al proposed to recover lithium from slag by evaporation during chlorination roasting, and they found the best chlorine donor, donor dosage, roasting temperature, and time by experimenting on the simulated slag, resulting in a lithium recovery efficiency of 97.45%. 25 In-situ reduction roasting attracts significant research interest and is being studied in the laboratory. The ''in situ'' means that no other additives are needed in this process, and spent batteries can be directly transformed into useful goods via pyrolysis.…”

Aqueous leaching of lithium from simulated pyrometallurgical slag by sodium sulfate roasting

“…Recently, our research group proposed a strategy of lithium recovery from pyrometallurgical slag (pyro-slag) involving CaCl 2 by roasting at high temperatures, in which the evaporation of LiCl from slag was the key to recovery. 28 However, the relatively high reaction temperature (1000 C) inevitably led to high energy consumption. An effective method of salt roasting followed by waterleaching was applied to extract lithium from lepidolite and spodumene, in which the ore was activated at certain temperatures and insoluble lithium was transformed into soluble lithium, which was extracted by water.…”

Technologies of lithium recycling from waste lithium ion batteries: a review

“…Pyrometallurgy uses high temperatures to remove organic material via evaporation and causes reactions in the cathode and anode to make lithium soluble in water. [66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76] Lithium was then recycled from the aqueous solution. The pre-treated active materials were powdered and subjected to calcination.…”

“…76 Chlorination roasting is also used in pyrometallurgy, which uses sintered lithium slag (xLi 2 OÁyCaOÁzAl 2 O 3 ÁnSiO 2 ) with chlorine donor to form LiCl after the roasting. Chang et al used CaCl 2 and roasted it at 1000 1C for 90 min with LiAl(SiO 3 ) 2 to transform it into LiCl 71 (eqn ( 7)).…”