Recycling and recovery routes of plastic solid waste (PSW): A review

Al–Salem, S.M.; Lettieri, Paola; Baeyens, Jan

doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2009.06.004

Cited by 1,858 publications

(1,114 citation statements)

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“…It is not only a serious occupation of valuable urban lands, but also bury the recyclable materials underground without making use of it. Plastic, which is synthesized using nonrenewable fossil resources, is one of the major consumer goods of human society, largely used in urban life and production, including agriculture, commodities, construction industry, manufacturing industry, packaging, etc, therefore, a great amount of plastic wastes were discharged and disposed in the landfills (Zhang et al, 2007;Al-Salem et al, 2009). "Landfill mining" was put forward under the concept "sustainable material management", which merge the ideas of "urban solid waste management" and "material cycle" together (Krook, 2010;Krook et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Theoretically speaking, there are four routes of plastic wastes treatment: primary (re-extrusion), secondary (mechanical), tertiary (chemical) and quaternary (energy recovery) (AlSalem et al, 2009). Plastic wastes can either serve as raw material for producing renewable plastic, or be chemical cracked up to oil, carbon coke, CH 4 , H 2 , CO and other combustible gases, including pyrolysis, gasification, hydrogen pyrolysis, etc, the oils could be recycled as feedstock to petrochemical plants (Al-Salem et al, 2009). Chemical recycling has the advantages of treating heterogeneous and contaminated polymers with limited use of pretreatment for household recycled plastic wastes (Scheirs, 1998;Al-Salem et al, 2009;Bosmans et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characteristics and the recovery potential of plastic wastes obtained from landfill mining

Zhou

Fang

et al. 2014

Journal of Cleaner Production

201

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a b s t r a c tPlastics have been the most consumed materials of human societies in recent decades and, in the mean time, one of the major products obtained from landfill mining. Characteristics of the landfill mined plastic wastes and their recovery potential were the key points to determine the feasibility of landfill mining projects. We collected municipal solid waste samples of different storage years from the landfill and did mechanical screening and manual separating to sort out plastic wastes, and a typical old landfill, which is of 24 storage years and located in central China, was taken as our studied case. According to our research, plastic wastes accounted for 10.62 ± 5.12% of the total stored wastes in the old landfill, among which, 69.13% was plastic bags (white PE plastic bags accounted for 11.34%; colored PE plastic bags 29.77%; other plastic bags 28.02%), and 30.87% was other plastics (incl. PP, PVC, PS, etc.). The average moisture content in the plastic waste was 19.96 ± 4.65% and the average impurities content was 71.02 ± 6.31% before manual washing and cleaning. The VS, ash, fixed carbon and calorific value of manually cleaned plastic wastes were 87.09 ± 0.55%, 10.84 ± 1.19%, 2.07 ± 0.85% and 43.18 ± 1.49 MJ kg À1 , respectively. Elements testing (C, N, O, S, Cl, Si, Al) and surface images analysis under scanning electron microscope showed that normal cleaning techniques had a difficulty in thoroughly getting rid of all the impurities on the surface of plastic bags excavated from old landfill, which will impede plastic wastes from being mechanical recycled as renewable materials or being chemically recycled by either pyrolysis, gasification, hydrogenation. Incineration or treating as residue derived fuels (RDFs) for recovering energy was the most practical way to process landfill mining plastic wastes under the normal cleaning techniques.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics and the recovery potential of plastic wastes obtained from landfill mining

Zhou

Fang

et al. 2014

Journal of Cleaner Production

201

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Los trabajos existentes muestran que la harina de madera en algunos casos incrementa el módulo de elasticidad, pero en otros disminuye la resistencia a la tracción y al impacto debido a la contaminación de PP con otros termoplásticos cuando las tecnologías de recolección y selección del material no son bastante eficientes (Al-Salem et al 2009). …”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Efecto De Las Caracteristicas De Harina De Madera en Las Propiedades Físico-Mecánicas Y Térmicas De Polipropileno Reciclado

Lisperguer¹,

Bustos²,

Saravia³

et al. 2013

Maderas, Cienc. tecnol.

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RESUMENPolipropileno reciclado (rPP) proveniente de rafia sintética de grandes sacos postconsumo, fueron reforzados con 50 y 60% de harina de madera de Pinus radiata de dos tamaños de partícula (60 y 100 mesh) a través de un proceso de mezclado en fundido, con y sin polipropileno maleado (MAPP), utilizado como agente acoplante. La procesabilidad de rPP y de compositos a base de madera-rPP fue estudiada en términos del torque del proceso de mezcla, al igual que las propiedades físicas, térmicas y mecánicas, y comparadas con polipropileno virgen (PP).Los resultados mostraron que la resistencia a la tracción y a la flexión (MOR), módulos determinados en tracción y en flexión (MOE) y resistencia al impacto de rPP y de los compositos madera-rPP, no decrecen comparadas con PP virgen y en términos de los módulos de elasticidad (MOE) y resistencia al impacto son significativamente superiores. Las propiedades mecánicas de las mezclas mejoraron levemente con la presencia de MAPP pero el tamaño de partícula y el contenido de harina de madera (50 y 60%), no tuvieron una clara influencia en estas propiedades.Calorimetría diferencial de barrido (DSC) fue utilizada para estudiar las propiedades de cristalización y fusión de las muestras y los resultados fueron comparados con PP virgen. Los resultados indican que la harina de madera actúa como un agente de nucleación incrementando la velocidad de cristalización, disminuyendo el grado de cristalización y en consecuencia disminuyendo ligeramente el punto de fusión de los compositos madera-rPP.El análisis termogravimétrico (TGA), mostró que la estabilidad térmica de rPP y de los compositos maderarPP fue ligeramente superior a la de PP virgen.En general, los resultados de este estudio muestran que es factible obtener materiales compuestos de buenas propiedades térmicas y mecánicas utilizando rPP postconsumo reforzado con harina de madera, en proporciones de 50 o 60% de contenido.Palabras claves: Harina de madera, polipropileno reciclado, propiedades térmicas, propiedades mecánicas.

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“…Various processes that can be utilized include chemical depolymerisation, gasification, thermal decomposition (pyrolysis and thermal cracking) and catalytic thermal decomposition as well as reducing agents in blast furnaces. [2] Thermal recycling can be regarded as the last way out for polymeric waste recycling. This approach is usually used for strong diluted, contaminated, and mixed polymeric waste without any treatment processes.…”

Section: Recycling Technologies For Polymeric Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

IEA-SHC Task 39 INFO Sheet A7 - Polymeric solar collectors and recycling

Feuchter¹,

Resch²

2015

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Recycling and recovery routes of plastic solid waste (PSW): A review

Cited by 1,858 publications

References 74 publications

Characteristics and the recovery potential of plastic wastes obtained from landfill mining

Characteristics and the recovery potential of plastic wastes obtained from landfill mining

Efecto De Las Caracteristicas De Harina De Madera en Las Propiedades Físico-Mecánicas Y Térmicas De Polipropileno Reciclado

IEA-SHC Task 39 INFO Sheet A7 - Polymeric solar collectors and recycling

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