Recycling and reuse of composite materials for wind turbine blades: An overview

Chen, Junlei; Wang, Jihui; Ni, Aiqing

doi:10.1177/0731684419833470

Cited by 115 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…The recycling agenda requires the industry to restructure its processes towards sustainability. Case examples are proving the interlink between recycling and sustainability [7][8][9][10]. These examples are summarizing and demonstrating successful implementation by some companies from the production industry, like Hewlett Packard and Low carbon industrial manufacturing park (LOCI-MAP), etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Core Elements Towards Circularity: Evidence From the European Countries

Lingaitienė¹,

Burinskienė²

2021

Preprint

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In this paper, the authors identified key elements important for circularity: (1) Background: The primary goal of circularity is to eliminate waste and to prove the constant use of resources. In the paper, we classify studies according to circular approaches. The authors identified main elements and classified them into categories important for circularity, starting with the managing and reducing waste and the recovery of resources; and ending with the circularity of material, and general circularity-related topics and presented scientific works dedicated to each of the above-mentioned categories. The authors analyzed several core elements from the first category aiming to investigate and connect different waste streams and provided a regression model; (2) Methods: The authors used a dynamic regression model to identify relationships among variables and selected the ones, which has an impact on the increase of biowaste. The research was delivered for the 27 European Union countries during the period between 2020 and 2019; (3) Conclusions: The authors indicated that the recycling rate of wasted electrical equipment in the previous year has an impact on the increase of recycling biowaste next year. This is explained as non-metallic spare parts of electronic equipment are used as biowaste for fuel production. And the separation process of the composites of electric equipment takes some time, on average the effect is evident in one year period.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Core Elements Towards Circularity: Evidence From the European Countries

Lingaitienė¹,

Burinskienė²

2021

Preprint

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“…Only the scale of the process shows the great importance of shredding. It should be emphasized that, for some elements, shredding is a necessary stage in EoL management processes, e.g., in mechanical recycling of car tires [ 25 , 87 , 88 , 89 ], recycling of photovoltaic modules [ 17 , 18 ], recycling of wind power blades [ 16 , 90 , 91 ], or car recycling [ 92 , 93 , 94 ], where shredding is used to reduce the size and separate the individual materials that make up the elements, so the estimated amount of shredded waste can be much higher. According to the data published in [ 81 ], up to 100% of polymer materials are shredded for recycling, which significantly increases the share (up to 41.7%) of end-of-life materials that need to be shredded.…”

Section: Recycling Engineering and Shreddingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Development of Efficient Contaminated Polymer Materials Shredding in Recycling Processes

2021

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Recently, a dynamic increase in the number of polymer elements ending their life cycle has been observed. There are three main ways of dealing with polymer waste: reuse in an unchanged form, recycling (both material and energy), and disposal (mainly in the form of landfilling or incineration). The legislation of European countries promotes in particular two forms of waste management: reuse and recycling. Recycling processes are used to recover materials and energy especially from contaminated waste, which are structurally changed by other materials, friction, temperature, machine, process, etc. The recycling of polymers, especially of multi-plastic structural elements, requires the use of special technological installations and a series of preparatory operations, including crushing and separating. Due to the universality and necessity of materials processing in recycling engineering, in particular size reduction, the aim of this study is to organize and systematize knowledge about shredding in the recycling process of end-of-life polymeric materials. This could help properly design these processes in the context of sustainable development and circular economy. Firstly, an overview of the possibilities of end-of-life plastics management was made, and the meaning of shredding in the end-of-life pathways was described. Then, the development of comminution in recycling processes was presented, with special emphasis given to quasi-cutting as the dominant mode of comminution of polymeric materials. The phenomenon of quasi-cutting, as well as factors related to the material, the operation of the shredding machine, and the technological process affecting it were described. Research conducted on quasi-cutting as a phenomenon when cutting single material samples and quasi-cutting as a machine process was characterized. Then, issues regarding recycling potentials in the context of shredding were systematized. Considerations included the areas of material, technical, energy, human, and control potentials. Presented bases and models can be used to support the innovation of creative activities, i.e., environmentally friendly actions, that produce specific positive environmental results in the mechanical processing of recycled and reused materials. The literature survey indicates the need to explore the environmental aspect of the shredding process in recycling and connect the shredding process variables with environmental consequences. This will help to design and control the processes to get the lowest possible environmental burdens.

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“…(+) Efficiente, basse emissioni di CO 2 e basso costo. (-) Riduzione delle proprietà meccaniche delle fibre, emissioni di polvere e molti rifiuti generati 35,36,37 .…”

Section: Nella Seguente Lista Vengono Elencati I Vantaggi (+) E Gli Svantaggi (-) Dei Processi Di Riciclounclassified

Prospettive di fine vita dei parchi eolici (wind farms) nelle politiche dell'economia circolare

Poviña¹

2021

Preprint

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L’energia eolica negli ultimi anni ha avuto un forte incremento e la dismissione degli impianti eolici già esistenti sta suscitando molto interesse sul possibile recupero delle risorse. Una turbina eolica ha una durata media di vita tra 20-25 anni, e oggi 34,000 turbine in Europa hanno 15 anni o più. Una stima di 14,000 pale potrebbe essere disattivata entro il 2023, un equivalente tra 40,000 e 60,000 tonnellate. Pertanto, un mercato potenziale per le turbine eoliche fuori uso e i loro prodotti recuperati deve essere stabilito in Europa. Circa l’85-90% della massa totale delle turbine eoliche può essere riciclata. Il problema principale rimane sulle pale, che sono realizzate in materiale polimerico rinforzato con fibre, i cui metodi di riciclaggio non sono tecnologicamente sviluppati. La situazione di fine vita di un parco eolico richiede una decisione tra differenti possibili progetti sostenibili per l’medio ambiente. La decisione finale sarà influenzata da diversi fattori.

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Recycling and reuse of composite materials for wind turbine blades: An overview

Cited by 115 publications

References 93 publications

Core Elements Towards Circularity: Evidence From the European Countries

Core Elements Towards Circularity: Evidence From the European Countries

The Development of Efficient Contaminated Polymer Materials Shredding in Recycling Processes

Prospettive di fine vita dei parchi eolici (wind farms) nelle politiche dell'economia circolare

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