Red cell life span in the turtle and toad

Altland, Paul D.; Brace, Kirkland C.

doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1962.203.6.1188

Cited by 67 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…Similar difficulties in interpretation have been encountered by other investigators (Altland and Brace 1962;Cline and Waldmann 1962 ;Hevesy et al 1964) in studies of long-lived erythrocytes in the toad, frog, and tench.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Hematopoiesis of the kissing gourami (Helostoma temmincki). Effects of starvation, bleeding, and plasma-stimulating factors on its erythropoiesis

Weinberg¹,

LoBue²,

Siegel³

et al. 1976

Can. J. Zool.

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1976. Hematopoiesis of the kissing gourami (Helostoma temmincki). Effects of starvation, bleeding, and plasmastimulating factors on its erythropoiesis. Can. J. Zool. 54: 11 15-1 127. Starvation and bleeding of the kissing gourami were found to induce a pronounced anemia. After 9 days of starvation there was a 45% decrease in the numbers of circulating erythrocytes, and within 24 h of bleeding a fish (1% of the body weight) there was a 39% decrease in the red cell count, which elicited a reticulocytosis and leukocytosis. The blood volumes remained unchanged in the starved or bled fish. When the 9-day-starved fish was used to evaluate the hematopoieticstimulating capacity of different substances, plasma from normal fish decreased erythropoietic activity, while plasmafromfishmade anemic by bleedingor 1 International Reference Preparation unit of human urinary erythropoietin evoked erythropoietic and leukocytopoietic activities.The estimated minimal red cell life-span in this fish was found to be about 13 days. However, there was some evidence for the existence of a population of long-lived erythrocytes. The 59Fe incorporation value per milligram of organ was highest in the spleen, with kidney and liver showing less activity.These studies not only provide information for the understanding of the regulatory mechanism(s) involved in blood cell production in the fish, but also present evidence of the existence in fish of intrinsic hemopoietic regulatory factors, possibly hormonal in nature. WEINBERG, S. R.. J. LDRLIE. C. D. SIECEL et A. S. GORDON. 1476. Hematupoiesis of the kissine sourami CHelosrama r~mminl-ki). EfTects of starvatian. bleeding, and plasmastirnulatingfactors on its erythmpoiesis. Can. I. Zool. -54: I 1 15-1 127. Le je6ne et la saignee causent une animie sen'euse chez le gourami. A p r k 9jours dc jefine, on enregistre une chute de 45% du nombre d'erythrocytes en circulation et une saignee ( 1% dupoids corpnreI total) pruduit en mains de 24 h une diminution de 3Wr des globules rouges, causant ainsi une rkticulocytase et une leucocytose. Cependant, ni la saignee. nl le j e h e n'entrainent de changementsdu volume sanpuin. Dnns les expiriences oh an urilise des poissonsau jeine depuis 9 jours pour evaluer la capacite de stimulation himatopoiktique. le plasma d'un poisson normal dirninue l'activitk irythropoY&tique. alors que le plasma de poissons rendus anemiques par saignCe ou par I'administration de I 1RP de H LYE (Internatiunal Reference Preparation unit of human urinary erythrupoietin) suscite i In fnis I'activ~te erythropoiitique et I'activite leucccytopoietique.La duree de vie minimale evaluee d'un globule rouge est d'environ 13 jours chez ce poisson. Cependant, on possede des indices de I'existence d'une population d'erythrocytes a longue vie. L'indice d'incorporation de 59Fe par milligramme d'organe est eleve dans la rate, alors que le rein et le foie ont une activite moindre.Ces donntes permettent une meilleure comprehension des mecanismes regulateurs de production des globules rouges du poisson e...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Hematopoiesis of the kissing gourami (Helostoma temmincki). Effects of starvation, bleeding, and plasma-stimulating factors on its erythropoiesis

Weinberg¹,

LoBue²,

Siegel³

et al. 1976

Can. J. Zool.

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“…Following springtime emergence, number of red blood cells decreases (Sypek and Borysenko 1988). Altland and Brace (1962) reported the mean life span of ornate box turtle (Terrapene ornata) red blood cells was 600-800 days. They also suggested that red blood cell turnover is positively correlated with metabolic rate, explaining that poikilotherms, like turtles, have erythrocytes with long life spans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flow cytometric analysis of red-eared slider turtles (Trachemys scripta) from Tar Creek Superfund Site

Hays

McBee

2007

Ecotoxicology

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Tar Creek Superfund Site (TCSFS) was heavily mined from the 1890s to 1970 and currently is contaminated with lead, zinc, and cadmium. Flow cytometry (FCM) was used to measure variation in nuclear DNA content of red blood cells collected from Trachemys scripta living within TCSFS and reference sites, Lake Carl Blackwell (LCB) and Sequoyah National Wildlife Refuge (SNWR). We also used atomic absorption spectrometry to measure Pb in blood and carapace and Cd in blood samples of turtles from TCSFS and SNWR. Mean coefficients of variation around the G(1) peak ranged from 5.33 to 5.48 and showed no significant difference between contaminated and reference populations; however, there was a significantly higher frequency of aneuploidy at TCSFS when compared with both reference populations. Blood Pb levels were not significantly different between TCSFS and SNWR populations. Pb levels in carapace samples did not differ significantly between sites; however, Pb levels were higher in carapace than blood for both populations. Blood Cd was significantly higher in animals at TCSFS than SNWR.

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“…The life span of erythrocytes has also been shown to increase with decreasing temperature. 38 It has recently been demonstrated in mouse studies that transplantation of megakaryocyte/erythrocyte-restricted progenitors is sufficient for radioprotection following the MLD. 39 Hematopoietic failure is thus due to the specific loss of erythrocytes and/or platelets over the critical window of 30 days after irradiation, after which surviving hostderived HSCs repopulate all blood cell lineages.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of lethal irradiation in zebrafish and rescue by hematopoietic cell transplantation

Traver

Winzeler

Stern

et al. 2004

Blood

166

146

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The study of hematopoiesis has been greatly facilitated by transplantation of blood cell populations into recipient animals. Efficient engraftment of donor cells generally requires ablation of the host hematopoietic system. The zebrafish has recently emerged as a developmental and genetic system to study hematopoiesis. To enable the study of hematopoietic stem cell ( IntroductionThe study of the biologic effects of ␥ irradiation began over a century ago, 1 but it was not until deployment of the atomic bomb in 1945 that the clinical manifestations of lethal total body irradiation (TBI) were fully realized. Acute irradiation injury was replicated using animal models, and seminal experiments by Jacobsen et al 2,3 and Lorenz et al 4 showed that shielding or transplantation of hematopoietic tissues was sufficient for radioprotection of otherwise lethal doses. Although humoral factors produced from these tissues were initially proposed to be the radioprotective elements, 2 subsequent studies showed that survival correlated with the level of hematopoietic repopulation by donor-derived cells. [5][6][7][8] Pioneering studies by Till and McCulloch and colleagues showed that donor bone marrow contained rare cells that generated clonal, macroscopic spleen colonies, 9,10 a fraction of which regenerated spleen colonies 11 or repopulated multilineage hematopoiesis 12 in hosts receiving serial transplants. These experiments led to the concept of the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC).TBI has since been used to condition hosts prior to transplantation of donor bone marrow, both therapeutically in humans and as a means of testing murine blood cell subsets for the presence of HSCs. The development of monoclonal antibodies and multiparameter flow cytometry, combined with hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), has led to the prospective isolation of murine HSCs, [13][14][15][16] committed lymphoid 17 and myeloerythroid 18 progenitors, and their downstream progeny by cell-surface phenotypes. These powerful techniques have allowed individual components of the immune system to be tested functionally, which has led to the dissection of the hematopoietic hierarchy and the resolution of effector cell function. HCT also provides the means to study the effects of genetic mutations in isolated cell types when introduced into a normal cellular environment.The zebrafish has recently emerged as a unique vertebrate model in which forward genetic screens can uncover novel genes involved in blood cell development and function. 19 Many zebrafish blood mutants identified in these screens are embryonic lethal, and we have recently described embryonic HCT to address issues of cell autonomous mutant gene function. 20 Similar transplantation of whole kidney marrow (WKM) cells into unconditioned adult recipients resulted in the disappearance of donor-derived cells within several weeks of transplantation. This suggests that donorderived cells are either rejected by the host immune system or that engraftment of donor cells requires the creation of niche spa...

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Red cell life span in the turtle and toad

Cited by 67 publications

References 0 publications

Hematopoiesis of the kissing gourami (Helostoma temmincki). Effects of starvation, bleeding, and plasma-stimulating factors on its erythropoiesis

Hematopoiesis of the kissing gourami (Helostoma temmincki). Effects of starvation, bleeding, and plasma-stimulating factors on its erythropoiesis

Flow cytometric analysis of red-eared slider turtles (Trachemys scripta) from Tar Creek Superfund Site

Effects of lethal irradiation in zebrafish and rescue by hematopoietic cell transplantation

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